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Crystal Structure of the Rat Androgen Receptor Ligand Binding Domain Complex with BMS-564929
Structural highlights
DiseaseANDR_RAT Note=Defects in Ar are a cause of androgen insensitivity. Rats with this syndrome are called testicular feminized (TFM).[1] FunctionANDR_RAT Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3 (By similarity).[2] [3] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedA novel, highly potent, orally active, nonsteroidal tissue selective androgen receptor (AR) modulator (BMS-564929) has been identified, and this compound has been advanced to clinical trials for the treatment of age-related functional decline. BMS-564929 is a subnanomolar AR agonist in vitro, is highly selective for the AR vs. other steroid hormone receptors, and exhibits no significant interactions with SHBG or aromatase. Dose response studies in castrated male rats show that BMS-564929 is substantially more potent than testosterone (T) in stimulating the growth of the levator ani muscle, and unlike T, highly selective for muscle vs. prostate. Key differences in the binding interactions of BMS-564929 with the AR relative to the native hormones were revealed through x-ray crystallography, including several unique contacts located in specific helices of the ligand binding domain important for coregulatory protein recruitment. Results from additional pharmacological studies effectively exclude alternative mechanistic contributions to the observed tissue selectivity of this unique, orally active androgen. Because concerns regarding the potential hyperstimulatory effects on prostate and an inconvenient route of administration are major drawbacks that limit the clinical use of T, the potent oral activity and tissue selectivity exhibited by BMS-564929 are expected to yield a clinical profile that provides the demonstrated beneficial effects of T in muscle and other tissues with a more favorable safety window. Pharmacological and x-ray structural characterization of a novel selective androgen receptor modulator: potent hyperanabolic stimulation of skeletal muscle with hypostimulation of prostate in rats.,Ostrowski J, Kuhns JE, Lupisella JA, Manfredi MC, Beehler BC, Krystek SR Jr, Bi Y, Sun C, Seethala R, Golla R, Sleph PG, Fura A, An Y, Kish KF, Sack JS, Mookhtiar KA, Grover GJ, Hamann LG Endocrinology. 2007 Jan;148(1):4-12. Epub 2006 Sep 28. PMID:17008401[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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