2nyf
Crystal structure of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from Nostoc punctiforme
Structural highlights
FunctionPAL_NOSP7 Catalyzes the non-oxidative deamination of L-phenylalanine to form trans-cinnamic acid, the first step in the phenylpropanoid pathway.[1] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedPhenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) catalyzes the deamination of phenylalanine to cinnamate and ammonia. While PALs are common in terrestrial plants where they catalyze the first committed step in the formation of phenylpropanoids, only a few prokaryotic PALs have been identified to date. Here we describe for the first time PALs from cyanobacteria, in particular, Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 and Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133, identified by screening the genome sequences of these organisms for members of the aromatic amino acid ammonia lyase family. Both PAL genes associate with secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters as observed for other eubacterial PAL genes. In comparison to eukaryotic homologues, the cyanobacterial PALs are 20% smaller in size but share similar substrate selectivity and kinetic activity toward L-phenylalanine over L-tyrosine. Structure elucidation by protein X-ray crystallography confirmed that the two cyanobacterial PALs are similar in tertiary and quatenary structure to plant and yeast PALs as well as the mechanistically related histidine ammonia lyases. Discovery of two cyanobacterial phenylalanine ammonia lyases: kinetic and structural characterization.,Moffitt MC, Louie GV, Bowman ME, Pence J, Noel JP, Moore BS Biochemistry. 2007 Jan 30;46(4):1004-12. PMID:17240984[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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