3agc
F218V mutant of the substrate-bound red chlorophyll catabolite reductase from Arabidopsis thaliana
Structural highlights
FunctionRCCR_ARATH Catalyzes the key reaction of chlorophyll catabolism, porphyrin macrocycle cleavage of pheophorbide a (pheide a) to a primary fluorescent catabolite (pFCC). Works in a two-step reaction with pheophorbide a oxygenase (PaO) by reducing the C20/C1 double bond of the intermediate, RCC.[1] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedRed chlorophyll catabolite reductase (RCCR) catalyzes the ferredoxin-dependent reduction of the C20/C1 double bond of red chlorophyll catabolite (RCC), the catabolic intermediate produced in chlorophyll degradation. The crystal structure of substrate-free Arabidopsis thaliana RCCR (AtRCCR) demonstrated that RCCR folds into a characteristic alpha/beta/alpha sandwich, similar to that observed in the ferredoxin-dependent bilin reductase (FDBR) family. Here we have determined the crystal structures of RCC-bound AtRCCR, RCC-bound F218 V AtRCCR, and substrate-free F218 V AtRCCR, a mutant protein that produces the stereoisomer of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolites at the C1 position. RCC is bound to the pocket between the beta-sheet and the C-terminal alpha-helices, as seen in substrate-bound FDBRs, but RCC binding to RCCR is much looser than substrate binding to FDBRs. The loose binding seems beneficial to the large conformational change in RCC upon reduction. Two conserved acidic residues, Glu154 and Asp291, sandwich the C20/C1 double bond of RCC, suggesting that these two residues are involved in site-specific reduction. The RCC in F218V AtRCCR rotates slightly compared with that in wild type to fill in the space generated by the substitution of Phe218 with valine. Concomitantly, the two carboxy groups of Glu154 and Asp291 move slightly away from the C20/C1 double bond. The geometrical arrangement of RCC and the carboxy groups of Glu154 and Asp291 in RCCR would appear to be essential for the stereospecificity of the RCCR reaction. Crystal Structures of the Substrate-Bound Forms of Red Chlorophyll Catabolite Reductase: Implications for Site-Specific and Stereospecific Reaction.,Sugishima M, Okamoto Y, Noguchi M, Kohchi T, Tamiaki H, Fukuyama K J Mol Biol. 2010 Aug 19. PMID:20727901[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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