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Crystal structure of the second and third fibronectin F1 modules in complex with a fragment of Streptococcus pyogenes SfbI-5
Structural highlights
DiseaseFINC_HUMAN Defects in FN1 are the cause of glomerulopathy with fibronectin deposits type 2 (GFND2) [MIM:601894; also known as familial glomerular nephritis with fibronectin deposits or fibronectin glomerulopathy. GFND is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal dominant disorder characterized clinically by proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, and hypertension that leads to end-stage renal failure in the second to fifth decade of life.[1] FunctionFINC_HUMAN Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape.[2] [3] [4] [5] Anastellin binds fibronectin and induces fibril formation. This fibronectin polymer, named superfibronectin, exhibits enhanced adhesive properties. Both anastellin and superfibronectin inhibit tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Anastellin activates p38 MAPK and inhibits lysophospholipid signaling.[6] [7] [8] [9] Publication Abstract from PubMedBacterial fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) contain a large intrinsically-disordered region (IDR) that mediates adhesion of bacteria to host tissues, and invasion of host cells, through binding to fibronectin (Fn). These FnBP IDRs consist of Fn-binding repeats (FnBRs) that form a highly extended tandem beta-zipper interaction on binding to the N-terminal domain of Fn. Several FnBR residues are highly conserved across bacterial species, and here we investigate their contribution to the interaction. Mutation of these residues to alanine in SfbI-5 (a disordered FnBR from the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes) reduced binding but for each residue the change in free energy of binding was <2 kcal/mol. The structure of an SfbI-5 peptide in complex with the second and third F1 modules from Fn confirms that the conserved FnBR residues play equivalent functional roles across bacterial species. Thus, in SfbI-5, the binding energy for the tandem beta-zipper interaction with Fn is distributed across the interface rather than concentrated in a small number of hot spot residues that are frequently observed in the interactions of folded proteins. We propose that this might be a common feature of the interactions of IDRs, and is likely to pose a challenge for the development of small molecule inhibitors of FnBP-mediated adhesion to and invasion of host cells. Structural and functional analysis of the tandem {beta}-zipper interaction of a streptococcal protein with human fibronectin.,Norris NC, Bingham RJ, Harris G, Speakman A, Jones RP, Leech A, Turkenburg JP, Potts JR J Biol Chem. 2011 Aug 12. PMID:21840989[10] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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