Structural highlights
FunctionADAS_CAVPO Catalyzes the exchange of an acyl for a long-chain alkyl group and the formation of the ether bond in the biosynthesis of ether phospholipids.[1] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe precursor of the essential ether phospholipids is synthesized by a peroxisomal enzyme that uses a flavin cofactor to catalyze a reaction that does not alter the redox state of the substrates. The enzyme crystal structure reveals a V-shaped active site with a narrow constriction in front of the prosthetic group. Mutations causing inborn ether phospholipid deficiency, a very severe genetic disease, target residues that are part of the catalytic center. Biochemical analysis using substrate and flavin analogs, absorbance spectroscopy, mutagenesis, and mass spectrometry provide compelling evidence supporting an unusual mechanism of covalent catalysis. The flavin functions as a chemical trap that promotes exchange of an acyl with an alkyl group, generating the characteristic ether bond. Structural comparisons show that the covalent versus noncovalent mechanistic distinction in flavoenzyme catalysis and evolution relies on subtle factors rather than on gross modifications of the cofactor environment. Precursor of ether phospholipids is synthesized by a flavoenzyme through covalent catalysis.,Nenci S, Piano V, Rosati S, Aliverti A, Pandini V, Fraaije MW, Heck AJ, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Nov 13;109(46):18791-6. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1215128109. Epub 2012 Oct 29. PMID:23112191[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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