4n6h
1.8 A Structure of the human delta opioid 7TM receptor (PSI Community Target)
Structural highlights
FunctionC562_ECOLX Electron-transport protein of unknown function.OPRD_HUMAN G-protein coupled receptor that functions as a receptor for endogenous enkephalins and for a subset of other opioids. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling leads to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Plays a role in the perception of pain and in opiate-mediated analgesia. Plays a role in developing analgesic tolerance to morphine.[1] [2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedOpioids represent widely prescribed and abused medications, although their signal transduction mechanisms are not well understood. Here we present the 1.8 A high-resolution crystal structure of the human delta-opioid receptor (delta-OR), revealing the presence and fundamental role of a sodium ion in mediating allosteric control of receptor functional selectivity and constitutive activity. The distinctive delta-OR sodium ion site architecture is centrally located in a polar interaction network in the seven-transmembrane bundle core, with the sodium ion stabilizing a reduced agonist affinity state, and thereby modulating signal transduction. Site-directed mutagenesis and functional studies reveal that changing the allosteric sodium site residue Asn 131 to an alanine or a valine augments constitutive beta-arrestin-mediated signalling. Asp95Ala, Asn310Ala and Asn314Ala mutations transform classical delta-opioid antagonists such as naltrindole into potent beta-arrestin-biased agonists. The data establish the molecular basis for allosteric sodium ion control in opioid signalling, revealing that sodium-coordinating residues act as 'efficacy switches' at a prototypic G-protein-coupled receptor. Molecular control of delta-opioid receptor signalling.,Fenalti G, Giguere PM, Katritch V, Huang XP, Thompson AA, Cherezov V, Roth BL, Stevens RC Nature. 2014 Feb 13;506(7487):191-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12944. Epub 2014 Jan 12. PMID:24413399[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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