| Structural highlights
Disease
MYH7_HUMAN Defects in MYH7 are the cause of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy type 1 (CMH1) [MIM:192600. Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a hereditary heart disorder characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, which is usually asymmetric and often involves the interventricular septum. The symptoms include dyspnea, syncope, collapse, palpitations, and chest pain. They can be readily provoked by exercise. The disorder has inter- and intrafamilial variability ranging from benign to malignant forms with high risk of cardiac failure and sudden cardiac death.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] Defects in MYH7 are the cause of myopathy myosin storage (MYOMS) [MIM:608358. In this disorder, muscle biopsy shows type 1 fiber predominance and increased interstitial fat and connective tissue. Inclusion bodies consisting of the beta cardiac myosin heavy chain are present in the majority of type 1 fibers, but not in type 2 fibers.[53] [54] [55] Defects in MYH7 are the cause of scapuloperoneal myopathy MYH7-related (SPMM) [MIM:181430; also known as scapuloperoneal syndrome myopathic type. SPMM is a progressive muscular atrophia beginning in the lower legs and affecting the shoulder region earlier and more severely than distal arm.[56] Defects in MYH7 are a cause of cardiomyopathy dilated type 1S (CMD1S) [MIM:613426. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disorder characterized by ventricular dilation and impaired systolic function, resulting in congestive heart failure and arrhythmia. Patients are at risk of premature death.[57] [58] [59] [60] Defects in MYH7 are the cause of myopathy distal type 1 (MPD1) [MIM:160500. MPD1 is a muscular disorder characterized by early-onset selective weakness of the great toe and ankle dorsiflexors, followed by weakness of the finger extensors. Mild proximal weakness occasionally develops years later after the onset of the disease.[61] [62]
Function
MYH7_HUMAN Muscle contraction.GFP_AEQVI Energy-transfer acceptor. Its role is to transduce the blue chemiluminescence of the protein aequorin into green fluorescent light by energy transfer. Fluoresces in vivo upon receiving energy from the Ca(2+)-activated photoprotein aequorin.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Omecamtiv Mecarbil (OM) is a small molecule allosteric effector of cardiac myosin that is in clinical trials for treatment of systolic heart failure. A detailed kinetic analysis of cardiac myosin has shown that the drug accelerates phosphate release by shifting the equilibrium of the hydrolysis step towards products, leading to a faster transition from weak to strong actin-bound states. The structure of the human beta-cardiac motor domain (cMD) with OM bound reveals a single OM-binding site nestled in a narrow cleft separating two domains of the human cMD where it interacts with the key residues that couple lever arm movement to the nucleotide state. In addition, OM induces allosteric changes in three strands of the beta-sheet that provides the communication link between the actin-binding interface and the nucleotide pocket. The OM-binding interactions and allosteric changes form the structural basis for the kinetic and mechanical tuning of cardiac myosin.
Structural basis for drug-induced allosteric changes to human beta-cardiac myosin motor activity.,Winkelmann DA, Forgacs E, Miller MT, Stock AM Nat Commun. 2015 Aug 6;6:7974. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8974. PMID:26246073[63]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
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- ↑ Nishi H, Kimura A, Harada H, Toshima H, Sasazuki T. Novel missense mutation in cardiac beta myosin heavy chain gene found in a Japanese patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Oct 15;188(1):379-87. PMID:1417858
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- ↑ Bohlega S, Abu-Amero SN, Wakil SM, Carroll P, Al-Amr R, Lach B, Al-Sayed Y, Cupler EJ, Meyer BF. Mutation of the slow myosin heavy chain rod domain underlies hyaline body myopathy. Neurology. 2004 May 11;62(9):1518-21. PMID:15136674
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- ↑ Darin N, Tajsharghi H, Ostman-Smith I, Gilljam T, Oldfors A. New skeletal myopathy and cardiomyopathy associated with a missense mutation in MYH7. Neurology. 2007 Jun 5;68(23):2041-2. PMID:17548557 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000264430.55233.72
- ↑ Winkelmann DA, Forgacs E, Miller MT, Stock AM. Structural basis for drug-induced allosteric changes to human beta-cardiac myosin motor activity. Nat Commun. 2015 Aug 6;6:7974. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8974. PMID:26246073 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8974
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