4v2d
FLRT2 LRR domain
Structural highlights
FunctionFLRT2_MOUSE Functions in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and axon guidance. Mediates cell-cell adhesion via its interactions with ADGRL3 and probably also other latrophilins that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells (PubMed:21350012, PubMed:25728924 PubMed:25374360). May play a role in the migration of cortical neurons during brain development via its interaction with UNC5D (PubMed:21673655). Mediates axon growth cone collapse and plays a repulsive role in neuron guidance via its interaction with UNC5D, and possibly also other UNC-5 family members (PubMed:21673655, PubMed:25728924). Plays a role in fibroblast growth factor-mediated signaling cascades (PubMed:16872596). Required for normal organization of the cardiac basement membrane during embryogenesis, and for normal embryonic epicardium and heart morphogenesis (PubMed:21350012).[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Publication Abstract from PubMedFLRTs are broadly expressed proteins with the unique property of acting as homophilic cell adhesion molecules and as heterophilic repulsive ligands of Unc5/Netrin receptors. How these functions direct cell behavior and the molecular mechanisms involved remain largely unclear. Here we use X-ray crystallography to reveal the distinct structural bases for FLRT-mediated cell adhesion and repulsion in neurons. We apply this knowledge to elucidate FLRT functions during cortical development. We show that FLRTs regulate both the radial migration of pyramidal neurons, as well as their tangential spread. Mechanistically, radial migration is controlled by repulsive FLRT2-Unc5D interactions, while spatial organization in the tangential axis involves adhesive FLRT-FLRT interactions. Further, we show that the fundamental mechanisms of FLRT adhesion and repulsion are conserved between neurons and vascular endothelial cells. Our results reveal FLRTs as powerful guidance factors with structurally encoded repulsive and adhesive surfaces. FLRT structure: balancing repulsion and cell adhesion in cortical and vascular development.,Seiradake E, del Toro D, Nagel D, Cop F, Hartl R, Ruff T, Seyit-Bremer G, Harlos K, Border EC, Acker-Palmer A, Jones EY, Klein R Neuron. 2014 Oct 22;84(2):370-85. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.10.008. Epub 2014, Oct 22. PMID:25374360[6] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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