5c3n
Crystal structure of MERS coronavirus main protease in spacegroup C2221
Structural highlights
FunctionV9TU05_MERS Catalytic subunit of viral RNA capping enzyme which catalyzes the RNA guanylyltransferase reaction for genomic and sub-genomic RNAs. The kinase-like NiRAN domain of NSP12 transfers RNA to the amino terminus of NSP9, forming a covalent RNA-protein intermediate. Subsequently, the NiRAN domain transfers RNA to GDP, forming the core cap structure GpppA-RNA. The NSP14 and NSP16 methyltransferases then add methyl groups to form functional cap structures.[ARBA:ARBA00034461] Publication Abstract from PubMedBACKGROUND: A highly pathogenic human coronavirus (CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), has emerged in Jeddah and other places in Saudi Arabia, and has quickly spread to European and Asian countries since September 2012. Up to the 1st October 2015 it has infected at least 1593 people with a global fatality rate of about 35%. Studies to understand the virus are necessary and urgent. In the present study, MERS-CoV main protease (Mpro) is expressed; the dimerization of the protein and its relationship to catalysis are investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: The crystal structure of MERS-CoV Mpro indicates that it shares a similar scaffold to that of other coronaviral Mpro and consists of chymotrypsin-like domains I and II and a helical domain III of five helices. Analytical ultracentrifugation analysis demonstrated that MERS-CoV Mpro undergoes a monomer to dimer conversion in the presence of a peptide substrate. Glu169 is a key residue and plays a dual role in both dimerization and catalysis. The mutagenesis of other residues found on the dimerization interface indicate that dimerization of MERS-CoV Mpro is required for its catalytic activity. One mutation, M298R, resulted in a stable dimer with a higher level of proteolytic activity than the wild-type enzyme. CONCLUSIONS: MERS-CoV Mpro shows substrate-induced dimerization and potent proteolytic activity. A critical assessment of the residues important to these processes provides insights into the correlation between dimerization and catalysis within the coronaviral Mpro family. Critical Assessment of the Important Residues Involved in the Dimerization and Catalysis of MERS Coronavirus Main Protease.,Ho BL, Cheng SC, Shi L, Wang TY, Ho KI, Chou CY PLoS One. 2015 Dec 14;10(12):e0144865. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144865., eCollection 2015. PMID:26658006[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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