Structural highlights
FunctionCYAA_BORPE This adenylate cyclase belongs to a special class of bacterial toxin. It causes whooping cough by acting on mammalian cells by elevating cAMP-concentration and thus disrupts normal cell function. Publication Abstract from PubMedCalcium-binding RTX proteins are equipped with C-terminal secretion signals and translocate from the Ca(2+)-depleted cytosol of Gram-negative bacteria directly into the Ca(2+)-rich external milieu, passing through the "channel-tunnel" ducts of type I secretion systems (T1SSs). Using Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin, we solved the structure of an essential C-terminal assembly that caps the RTX domains of RTX family leukotoxins. This is shown to scaffold directional Ca(2+)-dependent folding of the carboxy-proximal RTX repeat blocks into beta-rolls. The resulting intramolecular Brownian ratchets then prevent backsliding of translocating RTX proteins in the T1SS conduits and thereby accelerate excretion of very large RTX leukotoxins from bacterial cells by a vectorial "push-ratchet" mechanism. Successive Ca(2+)-dependent and cosecretional acquisition of a functional RTX toxin structure in the course of T1SS-mediated translocation, through RTX domain folding from the C-terminal cap toward the N terminus, sets a paradigm that opens for design of virulence inhibitors of major pathogens. Calcium-Driven Folding of RTX Domain beta-Rolls Ratchets Translocation of RTX Proteins through Type I Secretion Ducts.,Bumba L, Masin J, Macek P, Wald T, Motlova L, Bibova I, Klimova N, Bednarova L, Veverka V, Kachala M, Svergun DI, Barinka C, Sebo P Mol Cell. 2016 Apr 7;62(1):47-62. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.03.018. PMID:27058787[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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