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Hepatitis B virus core protein Y132A mutant in complex with 4-methyl heteroaryldihydropyrimidine
Structural highlights
FunctionCAPSD_HBVD1 Self assembles to form an icosahedral capsid. Most capsid appear to be large particles with a icosahedral symmetry of T=4 and consist of 240 copies of capsid protein, though a fraction forms smaller T=3 particles consisting of 180 capsid proteins. Entering capsid are transported along microtubules to the nucleus. Phosphorylation of the capsid is thought to induce exposure of nuclear localization signal in the C-terminal portion of the capsid protein that allows binding to the nuclear pore complex via the importin (karyopherin-) alpha and beta. Capsids are imported in intact form through the nuclear pore into the nuclear basket, where it probably binds NUP153. Only capsids that contain the mature viral genome can release the viral DNA and capsid protein into the nucleoplasm. Immature capsids get stucked in the basket. Capsids encapsulate the pre-genomic RNA and the P protein. Pre-genomic RNA is reverse transcribed into DNA while the capsid is still in the cytoplasm. The capsid can then either be directed to the nucleus, providing more genome for transcription, or bud through the endoplasmic reticulum to provide new virions (By similarity).[1] Encapsidates hepatitis delta genome (By similarity).[2] Publication Abstract from PubMedTargeting the capsid protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and thus interrupting normal capsid formation have been an attractive approach to block the replication of HBV viruses. We carried out multidimensional structural optimizations based on the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) analogue Bay41-4109 (1) and identified a novel series of HBV capsid inhibitors that demonstrated promising cellular selectivity indexes, metabolic stabilities, and in vitro safety profiles. Herein we disclose the design, synthesis, structure-activity relationship (SAR), co-crystal structure in complex with HBV capsid proteins, and in vivo pharmacological study of the 4-methyl HAP analogues. In particular, the (2S, 4S)-4,4-difluoroproline substituted analogue 34a demonstrate high oral bioavailability and liver exposure, and achieve > 2 log viral load reduction in a hydrodynamic injected (HDI) HBV mouse model. Design and Synthesis of Orally Bioavailable 4-Methyl Heteroaryldihydropyrimidine Based Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Capsid Inhibitors.,Qiu Z, Lin X, Zhou M, Liu Y, Zhu W, Chen W, Zhang W, Guo L, Liu H, Wu G, Huang M, Jiang M, Xu Z, Zhou ZJ, Qin N, Ren S, Qiu H, Zhong S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wu X, Shi L, Shen F, Mao Y, Zhou X, Yang W, Wu JZ, Yang G, Mayweg AV, Shen HC, Tang G J Med Chem. 2016 Jul 26. PMID:27458651[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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