5j4l
Apo-structure of humanised RadA-mutant humRadA22F
Structural highlights
FunctionRADA_PYRFU Involved in DNA repair and in homologous recombination. Binds and assemble on single-stranded DNA to form a nucleoprotein filament. Hydrolyzes ATP in a ssDNA-dependent manner and promotes DNA strand exchange between homologous DNA molecules. Publication Abstract from PubMedProtein-protein interactions (PPIs) are increasingly important targets for drug discovery. Efficient fragment-based drug discovery approaches to tackle PPIs are often stymied by difficulties in the production of stable, unliganded target proteins. Here, we report an approach that exploits protein engineering to 'humanise' thermophilic archeal surrogate proteins as targets for small molecule inhibitor discovery, and exemplify this approach in the development of inhibitors against the PPI between the recombinase RAD51 and tumour suppressor BRCA2. As human RAD51 has proved impossible to produce in a form that is compatible with the requirements of fragment-based drug discovery, we have developed a surrogate protein system using RadA from Pyrococcus furiosus. Using a monomerised RadA as our starting point, we have adopted two parallel and mutually instructive approaches to mimic the human enzyme: firstly by mutating RadA to increase sequence identity with RAD51 in the BRC repeat binding sites, and secondly by generating a chimeric archaeal-human protein. Both approaches generate proteins that interact with a BRC4 repeat with affinity and stoichiometry comparable to human RAD51. Stepwise humanisation has also allowed us to elucidate the determinants of RAD51 binding to BRC repeats and the contributions of key interacting residues to this interaction. These surrogate proteins have enabled the development of biochemical and biophysical assays in our ongoing fragment-based small molecule inhibitor programme and they have allowed us to determine hundreds of liganded structures in support of our structure-guided design process, demonstrating the feasibility and advantages of using archeal surrogates to overcome difficulties in handling human proteins. Engineering archeal surrogate systems for the development of protein-protein interaction inhibitors against human RAD51.,Moschetti T, Sharpe T, Fischer G, Marsh ME, Ng H, Morgan M, Scott D, Blundell TL, Venkitaraman A, Skidmore J, Abell C, Hyvonen M J Mol Biol. 2016 Oct 7. pii: S0022-2836(16)30424-7. doi:, 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.10.009. PMID:27725183[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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