5llu
Structure of the thermostabilized EAAT1 cryst-II mutant in complex with L-ASP
Structural highlights
DiseaseEAA1_HUMAN Alternating hemiplegia of childhood;Episodic ataxia type 6. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. FunctionAAAT_HUMAN Sodium-dependent amino acids transporter that has a broad substrate specificity, with a preference for zwitterionic amino acids. It accepts as substrates all neutral amino acids, including glutamine, asparagine, and branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, and excludes methylated, anionic, and cationic amino acids (PubMed:8702519). Through binding of the fusogenic protein syncytin-1/ERVW-1 may mediate trophoblasts syncytialization, the spontaneous fusion of their plasma membranes, an essential process in placental development (PubMed:10708449, PubMed:23492904).[1] [2] [3] (Microbial infection) Acts as a cell surface receptor for Feline endogenous virus RD114.[4] [5] (Microbial infection) Acts as a cell surface receptor for Baboon M7 endogenous virus.[6] (Microbial infection) Acts as a cell surface receptor for type D simian retroviruses.[7] EAA1_HUMAN Transports L-glutamate and also L- and D-aspartate. Essential for terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate by rapidly removing released glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Acts as a symport by cotransporting sodium. Publication Abstract from PubMedHuman members of the solute carrier 1 (SLC1) family of transporters take up excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain and amino acids in peripheral organs. Dysregulation of the function of SLC1 transporters is associated with neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Here we present crystal structures of a thermostabilized human SLC1 transporter, the excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1), with and without allosteric and competitive inhibitors bound. The structures reveal architectural features of the human transporters, such as intra- and extracellular domains that have potential roles in transport function, regulation by lipids and post-translational modifications. The coordination of the allosteric inhibitor in the structures and the change in the transporter dynamics measured by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry reveal a mechanism of inhibition, in which the transporter is locked in the outward-facing states of the transport cycle. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the function and pharmacology of human SLC1 transporters. Structure and allosteric inhibition of excitatory amino acid transporter 1.,Canul-Tec JC, Assal R, Cirri E, Legrand P, Brier S, Chamot-Rooke J, Reyes N Nature. 2017 Apr 27;544(7651):446-451. doi: 10.1038/nature22064. Epub 2017 Apr, 19. PMID:28424515[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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