5uih

structure of DHFR with bound phenformin and NADP

spinqualitylabelsall models 5uih, resolution 1.65Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 5uih is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Escherichia coli. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Method: X-ray diffraction, Resolution 1.647Å Ligands: 8CV, BME, EDO, NA, NAP Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Function DYR_ECOLI Key enzyme in folate metabolism. Catalyzes an essential reaction for de novo glycine and purine synthesis, and for DNA precursor synthesis. Publication Abstract from PubMed Metformin is the most commonly prescribed treatment for type II diabetes and related disorders; however, molecular insights into its mode(s) of action have been limited by an absence of structural data. Structural considerations along with a growing body of literature demonstrating its effects on one-carbon metabolism suggest the possibility of folate mimicry and anti-folate activity. Motivated by the growing recognition that anti-diabetic biguanides may act directly upon the gut microbiome, we have determined structures of the complexes formed between the anti-diabetic biguanides (phenformin, buformin, and metformin) and Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (ecDHFR) based on nuclear magnetic resonance, crystallographic, and molecular modeling studies. Interligand Overhauser effects indicate that metformin can form ternary complexes with p-aminobenzoyl-l-glutamate (pABG) as well as other ligands that occupy the region of the folate-binding site that interacts with pABG; however, DHFR inhibition is not cooperative. The biguanides competitively inhibit the activity of ecDHFR, with the phenformin inhibition constant being 100-fold lower than that of metformin. This inhibition may be significant at concentrations present in the gut of treated individuals, and inhibition of DHFR in intestinal mucosal cells may also occur if accumulation levels are sufficient. Perturbation of folate homeostasis can alter the pyridine nucleotide redox ratios that are important regulators of cellular metabolism. A Structural Basis for Biguanide Activity.,Gabel SA, Duff MR, Pedersen LC, DeRose EF, Krahn JM, Howell EE, London RE Biochemistry. 2017 Sep 12;56(36):4786-4798. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00619., Epub 2017 Aug 29. PMID:28766937 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also Dihydrofolate reductase 3D structures

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