5w8b
Carbonic anhydrase II in complex with activating histamine pyridinium derivative
Structural highlights
DiseaseCAH2_HUMAN Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] FunctionCAH2_HUMAN Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedCarbonic anhydrase (CA) plays a key role in neuronal signaling, providing bicarbonate and proton ions for GABAergic and glutamatergic neuronal function. Activation of CA isoforms expressed in neurons have been shown to have implications in the prognosis of Alzheimer's disease and dementia, while inhibitors of CAs are clinically used in the treatment of epilepsy, emphasizing the importance of this family of enzymes in both disease and normal neuronal function. Previously, compounds have been reported to enhance activity of CAs in an aging rat model, but their mechanism of action was not known. We report the 1.6 A resolution structure of an imidazole-based CA activator in complex with the ubiquitously-expressed human CA II. Based on the structure, a proposed mechanism of CA activation by the compound and its potential applications in the neurobiology of aging are discussed. Crystal Structure of Carbonic Anhydrase II in Complex with an Activating Ligand: Implications in Neuronal Function.,Bhatt A, Mondal UK, Supuran CT, Ilies MA, McKenna R Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Feb 8. pii: 10.1007/s12035-017-0854-2. doi:, 10.1007/s12035-017-0854-2. PMID:29423818[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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