5xe3
Endoribonuclease in complex with its cognate antitoxin from Mycobacterial species
Structural highlights
FunctionMAZF4_MYCTU Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. Acts as an endoribonuclease (mRNA interferase) on single-strand mRNA, cleaving between the first and second bases in the sequence UCGCU. Overexpression in M.smegmatis but not E.coli inhibits growth, this effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate toxin MazE4.[1] Residues 29-56 inhibit ssDNA cleavage by DNA topoisomerase. This fragment does not have mRNA cleavage activity but it inhibits growth upon overexpression in M.smegmatis.[2] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe bacterial toxin-antitoxin MazEF system in the tuberculosis (TB)-causing bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis is activated under unfavorable conditions, including starvation, antibiotic exposure, and oxidative stress. This system contains the ribonucleolytic enzyme MazF and has emerged as a promising drug target for TB treatments targeting the latent stage of M. tuberculosis infection and reportedly mediates a cell death process via a peptide called extracellular death factor (EDF). Although it is well established that the increase in EDFmediated toxicity of MazF drives a cell-killing phenomenon, the molecular details are poorly understood. Moreover, the divergence in sequences among reported EDFs suggests that each bacterial species has a unique EDF. To address these open questions, we report here the structures of MazF4 and MazEF4 complexes from M. tuberculosis, representing the first MazEF structures from this organism. We found that MazF4 possesses a negatively charged MazE4-binding pocket in contrast to the positively charged MazE-binding pockets in homologous MazEF complex structures from other bacteria. Moreover, using NMR spectroscopy and biochemical assays, we unraveled the molecular interactions of MazF4 with its RNA substrate and with a new EDF homolog originating from M. tuberculosis The EDF homolog discovered here possesses a positively charged residue at the C-terminus, making this EDF distinct from previously reported EDFs. Overall, our results suggest that M. tuberculosis evolved a unique MazF and EDF and that the distinctive EDF sequence could serve as a starting point for designing new anti-tuberculosis drugs. We therefore conclude that this study might contribute to the development of a new line of anti-tuberculosis agents. Structural analyses of the MazEF4 toxin-antitoxin pair in Mycobacterium tuberculosis provide evidence for a unique extracellular death factor.,Ahn DH, Lee KY, Lee SJ, Park SJ, Yoon HJ, Kim SJ, Lee BJ J Biol Chem. 2017 Oct 2. pii: M117.807974. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.807974. PMID:28972145[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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