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X-ray Crystal Structure of alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis strain 168
Structural highlights
FunctionALDC_BACSU Converts acetolactate into acetoin, which can be excreted by the cells. This may be a mechanism for controlling the internal pH of cells in the stationary stage. Publication Abstract from PubMedAcetoin is an important physiological metabolite excreted by microbes. Its functions include avoiding acidification, participating in regulation of the NAD(+)/NADH ratio, and storing carbon. Acetolactate decarboxylase is a well-characterized anabolic enzyme involved with 3-hydroxy butanone (acetoin). It catalyzes conversion of the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of acetolactate to generate the single product, (R)-acetoin. In addition to the X-ray crystal structure of acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus brevis, although the enzyme is widely present in microorganisms, very few atomic structures of acetolactate decarboxylase are reported. In this paper, we solved and reported a 1.5 A resolution crystal structure of acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis. Dimeric assembly is observed in the solved structure, which is consistent with the elution profile conducted by molecular filtration. A zinc ion is coordinated by highly conserved histidines (191, 193, and 204) and conserved glutamates (62 and 251). We performed kinetic studies on acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis using circular dichroism, allowing the conversion of acetolactate to chiral acetoin for real-time tracking, yielding a Km value of 21 mM and a kcat value of 2.2 s(-1). Using the two enantiomers of acetolactate as substrates, we further investigated the substrate preference of acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis by means of molecular docking and dynamic simulation in silico. The binding free energy of (S)-acetolactate was found to be ~ 30 kcal/mol greater than that of (R)-acetolactate, indicating a more stable binding for (S)-acetolactate. Structural and enzymatic characterization of acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis.,Ji F, Li M, Feng Y, Wu S, Wang T, Pu Z, Wang J, Yang Y, Xue S, Bao Y Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Aug;102(15):6479-6491. doi:, 10.1007/s00253-018-9049-7. Epub 2018 May 23. PMID:29796971[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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