5zg1
Crystal structure of the GluA2o LBD in complex with glutamate and Compound-2
Structural highlights
FunctionGRIA2_HUMAN Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.[1] Publication Abstract from PubMedActivation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor (AMPA-R) is a promising strategy to treat psychiatric and neurological diseases if issues of bell-shaped response and narrow safety margin against seizure can be overcome. Here, we show that structural interference at Ser743 in AMPA-R is a key to lower the agonistic effect of AMPA-R potentiators containing dihydropyridothiadiazine 2,2-dioxides skeleton. With this structural insight, TAK-137, 9-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrido[2,1-c][1,2,4]thiadiazine 2,2-dioxide, was discovered as a novel AMPA-R potentiator with a lower agonistic effect than an AMPA-R potentiator LY451646 ((R)-N-(2-(4'-cyanobiphenyl-4-yl)propyl)propane-2-sulfonamide) in rat primary neurons. TAK-137 induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor in neurons in rodents and potently improved cognition in both rats and monkeys. Compared to LY451646, TAK-137 had a wider safety margin against seizure in rats. TAK-137 enhanced neural progenitor proliferation over a broader range of doses in rodents. Thus, TAK-137 is a promising AMPA-R potentiator with potent procognitive effects and lower risks of bell-shaped response and seizure. These data may open the door for the development of AMPA-R potentiators as therapeutic drugs for psychiatric and neurological diseases. TAK-137, an AMPA-R potentiator with little agonistic effect, has a wide therapeutic window.,Kunugi A, Tanaka M, Suzuki A, Tajima Y, Suzuki N, Suzuki M, Nakamura S, Kuno H, Yokota A, Sogabe S, Kosugi Y, Awasaki Y, Kaku T, Kimura H Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018 Sep 12. pii: 10.1038/s41386-018-0213-7. doi:, 10.1038/s41386-018-0213-7. PMID:30209408[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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