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Crystal structure of S. aureus CntK with C72S mutation
Structural highlights
FunctionCNTK_STAAM Catalyzes the reversible interconversion of the L- and D-stereoisomers of histidine. Functions in the biosynthesis of the metallophore staphylopine, which is involved in the acquisition of nickel, cobalt, zinc, copper, and iron, and thus enables bacterial growth inside the host, where metal access is limited. Therefore, this enzyme probably contributes to staphylococcal virulence. Appears to be specific for histidine, as it cannot use L-alanine and L-methionine as substrate.[1] Publication Abstract from PubMedStaphylopine is a newly identified broad-spectrum metallophore for metal acquisition, and it plays important roles in the survival and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus and other pathogens in the metal-scarce environment in hosts. CntK catalyzes the first step of staphylopine synthesis by converting L-histidine to D-histidine to provide an essential building block of staphylopine. Herein, the crystal structures of S. aureus CntK (SaCntK) and its C72S variant are determined at 1.82 and 1.58A resolution, respectively. SaCntK forms a homodimer and each subunit contains a two-domain alpha/beta structure. Its overall structure resembles diaminopimelate epimerase, although their sequence identities are lower than 22%. SaCntK is specific for histidine, whereas other proteinogenic amino acids, with the exception of arginine, do not show any binding with SaCntK. Structural modeling suggested that residues Asn16, Glu46, Gln47 and Glu208 are responsible for specific substrate binding, and their substitutions significantly reduced the binding of histidine to SaCntK. Structural modeling suggested SaCntK uses a two-base catalytic mechanism, which has been observed in many cofactor-independent racemases. Our study provides critical insights into the structure and functions of CntK in staphylopine synthesis, which makes it helpful for developing potential antibiotics targeting the staphylopine-mediated metal acquisition process in bacteria. Crystal structure of CntK, the cofactor-independent histidine racemase in staphylopine-mediated metal acquisition of Staphylococcus aureus.,Luo S, Ju Y, Zhou J, Gu Q, Xu J, Zhou H Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Aug 15;135:725-733. doi:, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.169. Epub 2019 May 23. PMID:31129210[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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