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Structure of human RIPK1 kinase domain in complex with GNE684
Structural highlights
FunctionRIPK1_HUMAN Serine-threonine kinase which transduces inflammatory and cell-death signals (programmed necrosis) following death receptors ligation, activation of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), and DNA damage. Upon activation of TNFR1 by the TNF-alpha family cytokines, TRADD and TRAF2 are recruited to the receptor. Ubiquitination by TRAF2 via 'Lys-63'-link chains acts as a critical enhancer of communication with downstream signal transducers in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and the NF-kappa-B pathway, which in turn mediate downstream events including the activation of genes encoding inflammatory molecules. Polyubiquitinated protein binds to IKBKG/NEMO, the regulatory subunit of the IKK complex, a critical event for NF-kappa-B activation. Interaction with other cellular RHIM-containing adapters initiates gene activation and cell death. RIPK1 and RIPK3 association, in particular, forms a necrosis-inducing complex.[1] [2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe kinase RIP1 acts in multiple signaling pathways to regulate inflammatory responses and it can trigger both apoptosis and necroptosis. Its kinase activity has been implicated in a range of inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and oncogenic diseases. Here, we explore the effect of inhibiting RIP1 genetically, using knock-in mice that express catalytically inactive RIP1 D138N, or pharmacologically, using the murine-potent inhibitor GNE684. Inhibition of RIP1 reduced collagen antibody-induced arthritis, and prevented skin inflammation caused by mutation of Sharpin, or colitis caused by deletion of Nemo from intestinal epithelial cells. Conversely, inhibition of RIP1 had no effect on tumor growth or survival in pancreatic tumor models driven by mutant Kras, nor did it reduce lung metastases in a B16 melanoma model. Collectively, our data emphasize a role for the kinase activity of RIP1 in certain inflammatory disease models, but question its relevance to tumor progression and metastases. RIP1 inhibition blocks inflammatory diseases but not tumor growth or metastases.,Patel S, Webster JD, Varfolomeev E, Kwon YC, Cheng JH, Zhang J, Dugger DL, Wickliffe KE, Maltzman A, Sujatha-Bhaskar S, Bir Kohli P, Ramaswamy S, Deshmukh G, Liederer BM, Fong R, Hamilton G, Lupardus P, Caplazi P, Lee WP, van Lookeren Campagne M, Johnson A, McKenzie BS, Junttila MR, Newton K, Vucic D Cell Death Differ. 2019 May 17. pii: 10.1038/s41418-019-0347-0. doi:, 10.1038/s41418-019-0347-0. PMID:31101885[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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