6u7z
RNA hairpin structure containing one TNA nucleotide as primer
Structural highlights
Publication Abstract from PubMedThe prebiotic synthesis of ribonucleotides is likely to have been accompanied by the synthesis of noncanonical nucleotides including the threo-nucleotide building blocks of TNA. Here, we examine the ability of activated threo-nucleotides to participate in nonenzymatic template-directed polymerization. We find that primer extension by multiple sequential threo-nucleotide monomers is strongly disfavored relative to ribo-nucleotides. Kinetic, NMR and crystallographic studies suggest that this is due in part to the slow formation of the imidazolium-bridged TNA dinucleotide intermediate in primer extension, and in part because of the greater distance between the attacking RNA primer 3'-hydroxyl and the phosphate of the incoming threo-nucleotide intermediate. Even a single activated threo-nucleotide in the presence of an activated downstream RNA oligonucleotide is added to the primer 10-fold more slowly than an activated ribonucleotide. In contrast, a single activated threo-nucleotide at the end of an RNA primer or in an RNA template results in only a modest decrease in the rate of primer extension, consistent with the minor and local structural distortions revealed by crystal structures. Our results are consistent with a model in which heterogeneous primordial oligonucleotides would, through cycles of replication, have given rise to increasingly homogeneous RNA strands. Structural interpretation of the effects of threo-nucleotides on nonenzymatic template-directed polymerization.,Zhang W, Kim SC, Tam CP, Lelyveld VS, Bala S, Chaput JC, Szostak JW Nucleic Acids Res. 2020 Dec 21. pii: 6042960. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1215. PMID:33347562[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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