7ay6
Crystal structure of the PDE4D catalytic domain in complex with GEBR-41b
Structural highlights
DiseasePDE4D_HUMAN Note=Genetic variations in PDE4D might be associated with susceptibility to stroke. PubMed:17006457 states that association with stroke has to be considered with caution. Defects in PDE4D are the cause of acrodysostosis type 2, with or without hormone resistance (ACRDYS2) [MIM:614613. ACRDYS2 is a pleiotropic disorder characterized by skeletal, endocrine, and neurological abnormalities. Skeletal features include brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia with a small upturned nose, brachydactyly, and lumbar spinal stenosis. Endocrine abnormalities include hypothyroidism and hypogonadism in males and irregular menses in females. Developmental disability is a common finding but is variable in severity and can be associated with significant behavioral problems.[1] FunctionPDE4D_HUMAN Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.[2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedMemory and cognitive functions depend on the cerebral levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which are regulated by the phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) family of enzymes. Selected rolipram-related PDE4 inhibitors, members of the GEBR library, have been shown to increase hippocampal cAMP levels, providing pro-cognitive benefits with a safe pharmacological profile. In a recent SAR investigation involving a subset of GEBR library compounds, we have demonstrated that, depending on length and flexibility, ligands can either adopt a twisted, an extended or a protruding conformation, the latter allowing the ligand to form stabilizing contacts with the regulatory domain of the enzyme. Here, based on those findings, we describe further chemical modifications of the protruding subset of GEBR library inhibitors and their effects on ligand conformation and potency. In particular, we demonstrate that the insertion of a methyl group in the flexible linker region connecting the catechol portion and the basic end of the molecules enhances the ability of the ligand to interact with both the catalytic and the regulatory domains of the enzyme. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and structural characterization of novel GEBR library PDE4D inhibitors.,Brullo C, Rapetti F, Abbate S, Prosdocimi T, Torretta A, Semrau M, Massa M, Alfei S, Storici P, Parisini E, Bruno O Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Jun 13;223:113638. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113638. PMID:34171658[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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