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Structure of liver pyruvate kinase in complex with allosteric modulator 42
Structural highlights
DiseaseKPYR_HUMAN Defects in PKLR are the cause of pyruvate kinase hyperactivity (PKHYP) [MIM:102900; also known as high red cell ATP syndrome. This autosomal dominant phenotype is characterized by increase of red blood cell ATP.[1] Defects in PKLR are the cause of pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells (PKRD) [MIM:266200. A frequent cause of hereditary non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. Clinically, pyruvate kinase-deficient patients suffer from a highly variable degree of chronic hemolysis, ranging from severe neonatal jaundice and fatal anemia at birth, severe transfusion-dependent chronic hemolysis, moderate hemolysis with exacerbation during infection, to a fully compensated hemolysis without apparent anemia. FunctionKPYR_HUMAN Plays a key role in glycolysis (By similarity). Publication Abstract from PubMedThe liver isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKL) has gained interest due to its potential capacity to regulate fatty acid synthesis involved in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here we describe a novel series of PKL modulators that can either activate or inhibit the enzyme allosterically, from a cryptic site at the interface of two protomers in the tetrameric enzyme. Starting from urolithin D, we designed and synthesised 42 new compounds. The effect of these compounds on PKL enzymatic activity was assessed after incubation with cell lysates obtained from a liver cell line. Pronounced activation of PKL activity, up to 3.8-fold, was observed for several compounds at 10 muM, while other compounds were prominent PKL inhibitors reducing its activity to 81% at best. A structure-activity relationship identified linear-shaped sulfone-sulfonamides as activators and non-linear compounds as inhibitors. Crystal structures revealed the conformations of these modulators, which were used as a reference for designing new modulators. Tuning liver pyruvate kinase activity up or down with a new class of allosteric modulators.,Nain-Perez A, Nilsson O, Lulla A, Haversen L, Brear P, Liljenberg S, Hyvonen M, Boren J, Grotli M Eur J Med Chem. 2023 Mar 15;250:115177. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115177. Epub , 2023 Feb 1. PMID:36753880[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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