7m42
Complex of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain with the Fab fragments of neutralizing antibodies REGN10985 and REGN10989
Structural highlights
FunctionSPIKE_SARS2 attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection (By similarity). Binding to human ACE2 receptor and internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell induces conformational changes in the Spike glycoprotein (PubMed:32142651, PubMed:32075877, PubMed:32155444). Uses also human TMPRSS2 for priming in human lung cells which is an essential step for viral entry (PubMed:32142651). Proteolysis by cathepsin CTSL may unmask the fusion peptide of S2 and activate membranes fusion within endosomes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099][1] [2] [3] mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by acting as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099] Acts as a viral fusion peptide which is unmasked following S2 cleavage occurring upon virus endocytosis.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099] Publication Abstract from PubMedMonoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are a clinically validated therapeutic option against COVID-19. Because rapidly emerging virus mutants are becoming the next major concern in the fight against the global pandemic, it is imperative that these therapeutic treatments provide coverage against circulating variants and do not contribute to development of treatment-induced emergent resistance. To this end, we investigated the sequence diversity of the spike protein and monitored emergence of virus variants in SARS-COV-2 isolates found in COVID-19 patients treated with the two-antibody combination REGEN-COV, as well as in preclinical in vitro studies using single, dual, or triple antibody combinations, and in hamster in vivo studies using REGEN-COV or single monoclonal antibody treatments. Our study demonstrates that the combination of non-competing antibodies in REGEN-COV provides protection against all current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern/interest and also protects against emergence of new variants and their potential seeding into the population in a clinical setting. The monoclonal antibody combination REGEN-COV protects against SARS-CoV-2 mutational escape in preclinical and human studies.,Copin R, Baum A, Wloga E, Pascal KE, Giordano S, Fulton BO, Zhou A, Negron N, Lanza K, Chan N, Coppola A, Chiu J, Ni M, Wei Y, Atwal GS, Hernandez AR, Saotome K, Zhou Y, Franklin MC, Hooper AT, McCarthy S, Hamon S, Hamilton JD, Staples HM, Alfson K, Carrion R Jr, Ali S, Norton T, Somersan-Karakaya S, Sivapalasingam S, Herman GA, Weinreich DM, Lipsich L, Stahl N, Murphy AJ, Yancopoulos GD, Kyratsous CA Cell. 2021 Jul 22;184(15):3949-3961.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.002. Epub , 2021 Jun 5. PMID:34161776[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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