7nug | pdb_00007nug
Influenza A/California/07/2009(H1N1) endonuclease in complex with orientin
Structural highlights
FunctionC3W5X6_9INFA Plays an essential role in viral RNA transcription and replication by forming the heterotrimeric polymerase complex together with PB1 and PB2 subunits. The complex transcribes viral mRNAs by using a unique mechanism called cap-snatching. It consists in the hijacking and cleavage of host capped pre-mRNAs. These short capped RNAs are then used as primers for viral mRNAs. The PB2 subunit is responsible for the binding of the 5' cap of cellular pre-mRNAs which are subsequently cleaved after 10-13 nucleotides by the PA subunit that carries the endonuclease activity.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04063] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe part of the influenza polymerase PA subunit featuring endonuclease activity is a target for anti-influenza therapies, including the FDA-approved drug Xofluza. A general feature of endonuclease inhibitors is their ability to chelate Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ions located in the enzyme's catalytic site. Previously, we screened a panel of flavonoids for PA inhibition and found luteolin and its C-glucoside orientin to be potent inhibitors. Through structural analysis, we identified the presence of a 3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl moiety as a crucial feature for sub-micromolar inhibitory activity. Here, we report results from a subsequent investigation exploring structural changes at the C-7 and C-8 positions of luteolin. Experimental IC50 values were determined by AlphaScreen technology. The most potent inhibitors were C-8 derivatives with inhibitory potencies comparable to that of luteolin. Bio-isosteric replacement of the C-7 hydroxyl moiety of luteolin led to a series of compounds with one-order-of-magnitude-lower inhibitory potencies. Using X-ray crystallography, we solved structures of the wild-type PA-N-terminal domain and its I38T mutant in complex with orientin at 1.9 A and 2.2 A resolution, respectively. Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of C-7 and C-8 Luteolin Derivatives as Influenza Endonuclease Inhibitors.,Reiberger R, Radilova K, Kral M, Zima V, Majer P, Brynda J, Dracinsky M, Konvalinka J, Kozisek M, Machara A Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 20;22(14). pii: ijms22147735. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147735. PMID:34299354[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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