Structural highlights
FunctionTHYG_BOVIN Acts as a substrate for the production of iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) (By similarity). The synthesis of T3 and T4 involves iodination of selected tyrosine residues of TG/thyroglobulin followed by their oxidative coupling (By similarity). Following TG re-internalization and lysosomal-mediated proteolysis, T3 and T4 are released from the polypeptide backbone leading to their secretion into the bloodstream (By similarity). One dimer produces 7 thyroid hormone molecules (By similarity).[UniProtKB:F1RRV3][UniProtKB:O08710][UniProtKB:P01266] Publication Abstract from PubMedThyroid hormones are essential regulators of metabolism, development, and growth. They are formed from pairs of iodinated tyrosine residues within the precursor thyroglobulin (TG), a 660-kDa homodimer of the thyroid gland, by an oxidative coupling reaction. Tyrosine pairs that give rise to thyroid hormones have been assigned within the structure of human TG, but the process of hormone formation is poorly understood. Here we report a ~3.3-A cryo-EM structure of native bovine TG with nascent thyroid hormone formed at one of the predicted hormonogenic sites. Local structural rearrangements provide insight into mechanisms underlying thyroid hormone formation and stabilization. Formation of thyroid hormone revealed by a cryo-EM structure of native bovine thyroglobulin.,Marechal N, Serrano BP, Zhang X, Weitz CJ Nat Commun. 2022 May 2;13(1):2380. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30082-4. PMID:35501346[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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