7s15
GLP-1 receptor bound with Pfizer small molecule agonist
Structural highlights
FunctionGLP1R_HUMAN This is a receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. Publication Abstract from PubMedPeptide agonists of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) have revolutionized diabetes therapy, but their use has been limited because they require injection. Herein, we describe the discovery of the orally bioavailable, small-molecule, GLP-1R agonist PF-06882961 (danuglipron). A sensitized high-throughput screen was used to identify 5-fluoropyrimidine-based GLP-1R agonists that were optimized to promote endogenous GLP-1R signaling with nanomolar potency. Incorporation of a carboxylic acid moiety provided considerable GLP-1R potency gains with improved off-target pharmacology and reduced metabolic clearance, ultimately resulting in the identification of danuglipron. Danuglipron increased insulin levels in primates but not rodents, which was explained by receptor mutagensis studies and a cryogenic electron microscope structure that revealed a binding pocket requiring a primate-specific tryptophan 33 residue. Oral administration of danuglipron to healthy humans produced dose-proportional increases in systemic exposure (NCT03309241). This opens an opportunity for oral small-molecule therapies that target the well-validated GLP-1R for metabolic health. A Small-Molecule Oral Agonist of the Human Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor.,Griffith DA, Edmonds DJ, Fortin JP, Kalgutkar AS, Kuzmiski JB, Loria PM, Saxena AR, Bagley SW, Buckeridge C, Curto JM, Derksen DR, Dias JM, Griffor MC, Han S, Jackson VM, Landis MS, Lettiere D, Limberakis C, Liu Y, Mathiowetz AM, Patel JC, Piotrowski DW, Price DA, Ruggeri RB, Tess DA J Med Chem. 2022 Jun 23;65(12):8208-8226. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01856. Epub , 2022 Jun 1. PMID:35647711[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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