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cryo-EM structure of Connexin 32 gap junction channel
Structural highlights
DiseaseCXB1_HUMAN X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1;X-linked progressive cerebellar ataxia. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The gene represented in this entry may act as a disease modifier. FunctionCXB1_HUMAN One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. Publication Abstract from PubMedIn myelinating Schwann cells, connection between myelin layers is mediated by gap junction channels (GJCs) formed by docked connexin 32 (Cx32) hemichannels (HCs). Mutations in Cx32 cause the X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT1X), a degenerative neuropathy without a cure. A molecular link between Cx32 dysfunction and CMT1X pathogenesis is still missing. Here, we describe the high-resolution cryo-electron cryo-myography (cryo-EM) structures of the Cx32 GJC and HC, along with two CMT1X-linked mutants, W3S and R22G. While the structures of wild-type and mutant GJCs are virtually identical, the HCs show a major difference: In the W3S and R22G mutant HCs, the amino-terminal gating helix partially occludes the pore, consistent with a diminished HC activity. Our results suggest that HC dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of CMT1X. Structures of wild-type and selected CMT1X mutant connexin 32 gap junction channels and hemichannels.,Qi C, Lavriha P, Bayraktar E, Vaithia A, Schuster D, Pannella M, Sala V, Picotti P, Bortolozzi M, Korkhov VM Sci Adv. 2023 Sep;9(35):eadh4890. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adh4890. Epub 2023 Aug 30. PMID:37647412[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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