8otp
Crystal structure of human carbonic anhydrase II with 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(4-(4-sulfamoylbenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
Structural highlights
DiseaseCAH2_HUMAN Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] FunctionCAH2_HUMAN Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedCiprofloxacin (CPX) is one of the most employed antibiotics in clinics to date. However, the rise of drug-resistant bacteria is dramatically impairing its efficacy, especially against life-threatening pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This Gram-negative bacterium is an opportunistic pathogen, often infecting immuno-compromised patients with severe or fatal outcomes. The evidence of the possibility of exploiting Carbonic Anhydrase (CA, EC: 4.2.1.1) enzymes as pharmacological targets along with their role in P. aeruginosa virulence inspired the derivatization of CPX with peculiar CA-inhibiting chemotypes. Thus, a large library of CPX derivatives was synthesized and tested on a panel of bacterial CAs and human isoenzymes I and II. Selected derivatives were evaluated for antibacterial activity, revealing bactericidal and antibiofilm properties for some compounds. Importantly, promising preliminary absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties in vitro were found and no cytotoxicity was detected for some representative compounds when tested in Galleria mellonella larvae. Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Carbonic Anhydrases, Exploring Ciprofloxacin Functionalization Toward New Antibacterial Agents: An In-Depth Multidisciplinary Study.,Marinacci B, D'Agostino I, Angeli A, Carradori S, Melfi F, Grande R, Corsiani M, Ferraroni M, Agamennone M, Tondo AR, Zara S, Puca V, Pellegrini B, Vagaggini C, Dreassi E, Patrauchan MA, Capasso C, Nicolotti O, Carta F, Supuran CT J Med Chem. 2024 Nov 14;67(21):19077-19102. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01555. , Epub 2024 Oct 25. PMID:39453626[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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