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The crystal structure of cobalt-bound human ADO C18S C239S variant at 1.99 Angstrom
Structural highlights
FunctionPublication Abstract from PubMedWe investigated the metal-substituted catalytic activity of human cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO), an enzyme pivotal in regulating thiol metabolism and contributing to oxygen homeostasis. Our findings demonstrate the catalytic competence of cobalt(II)- and nickel(II)-substituted ADO in cysteamine oxygenation. Notably, Co(II)-ADO exhibited superiority over Ni(II)-ADO despite remaining significantly less active than the natural enzyme. Structural analyses through X-ray crystallography and cobalt K-edge excitation confirmed successful metal substitution with minimal structural perturbations. This provided a robust structural basis, supporting a conserved catalytic mechanism tailored to distinct metal centers. This finding challenges the proposed high-valent ferryl-based mechanism for thiol dioxygenases, suggesting a non-high-valent catalytic pathway in the native enzyme. Further investigation of the cysteamine-bound or a peptide mimic of N-terminus RGS5 bound Co(II)-ADO binary complex revealed the metal center's high-spin (S = 3/2) state. Upon reaction with O(2), a kinetically and spectroscopically detectable intermediate emerged with a ground spin state of S = 1/2. This intermediate exhibits a characteristic (59)Co hyperfine splitting (A = 67 MHz) structure in the EPR spectrum alongside UV-vis features, consistent with known low-spin Co(III)-superoxo complexes. This observation, unique for protein-bound thiolate-ligated cobalt centers in a protein, unveils the capacities for O(2) activation in such metal environments. These findings provide valuable insights into the non-heme iron-dependent thiol dioxygenase mechanistic landscape, furthering our understanding of thiol metabolism regulation. The exploration of metal-substituted ADO sheds light on the intricate interplay between metal and catalytic activity in this essential enzyme. Cobalt(II)-Substituted Cysteamine Dioxygenase Oxygenation Proceeds through a Cobalt(III)-Superoxo Complex.,Li J, Duan R, Liu A J Am Chem Soc. 2024 Jul 10;146(27):18292-18297. doi: 10.1021/jacs.4c01871. Epub , 2024 Jun 28. PMID:38941563[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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