| Structural highlights
Function
PEVD1_VERDV Effector protein that elicits a hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) (PubMed:21691787, PubMed:24080193, PubMed:24337817). Boosts systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection in Nicotiana tabacum and to Verticillium dhaliae infection in primed cotton seedlings (PubMed:21691787, PubMed:24080193, PubMed:24337817, PubMed:29563924). PevD1 induces the expression of genes related to the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway and enhances lignin deposition and vessel reinforcement in cotton (PubMed:24337817). Increases slightly jasmonate (JA) levels in Arabidopsis and induces the expression of repressors of the abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive pathway to suppress the ABA signal transduction (PubMed:27489497). Triggers also the Ca(2+)-responsive pathways in Arabidopsis (PubMed:27489497). In cotton, PevD1 binds to the pathogenesis-related protein 5 (PR5) to inhibit its antifungal activity in order to overcome the host defense system (PubMed:30295911). In Nicotiana benthamiana, PevD1 interacts with the asparagine-rich protein NRP1 to mediate PevD1-induced defense responses by regulating sesquiterpenoid phytoalexins capsidiol biosynthesis pathway (PubMed:29563924, PubMed:33186613). In both Arabidopsis and cotton, PevD1 interacts with and stabilizes the senescence-associated transcription factor ORE1 by disrupting its interaction with the RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligase NLA. ORE1 directly binds the promoter of ACS6 and promotes its expression for mediating PevD1-induced ethylene biosynthesis and subsequent leaf senescence (PubMed:34303024). In Arabidopsis thaliana, PevD1 strongly induces the ethylene-responsive factor ERF114 to positively modulate disease resistance by targeting the promoter of PAL1 and activating PAL1 transcription, resulting in an increase in lignin and salicylic acid (SA) levels (PubMed:36342142).[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
References
- ↑ Wang B, Yang X, Zeng H, Liu H, Zhou T, Tan B, Yuan J, Guo L, Qiu D. The purification and characterization of a novel hypersensitive-like response-inducing elicitor from Verticillium dahliae that induces resistance responses in tobacco. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Jan;93(1):191-201. doi:, 10.1007/s00253-011-3405-1. Epub 2011 Jun 21. PMID:21691787 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-011-3405-1
- ↑ Liu W, Zeng H, Liu Z, Yang X, Guo L, Qiu D. Mutational analysis of the Verticillium dahliae protein elicitor PevD1 identifies distinctive regions responsible for hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance in tobacco. Microbiol Res. 2014 May-Jun;169(5-6):476-82. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.08.001., Epub 2013 Sep 27. PMID:24080193 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2013.08.001
- ↑ Bu B, Qiu D, Zeng H, Guo L, Yuan J, Yang X. A fungal protein elicitor PevD1 induces Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. Plant Cell Rep. 2014 Mar;33(3):461-70. doi: 10.1007/s00299-013-1546-7. Epub 2013 , Dec 12. PMID:24337817 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00299-013-1546-7
- ↑ Liu M, Khan NU, Wang N, Yang X, Qiu D. The Protein Elicitor PevD1 Enhances Resistance to Pathogens and Promotes Growth in Arabidopsis. Int J Biol Sci. 2016 Jun 7;12(8):931-43. PMID:27489497 doi:10.7150/ijbs.15447
- ↑ Liang Y, Cui S, Tang X, Zhang Y, Qiu D, Zeng H, Guo L, Yuan J, Yang X. An Asparagine-Rich Protein Nbnrp1 Modulate Verticillium dahliae Protein PevD1-Induced Cell Death and Disease Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana. Front Plant Sci. 2018 Mar 7;9:303. PMID:29563924 doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00303
- ↑ Zhang Y, Gao Y, Liang Y, Dong Y, Yang X, Qiu D. Verticillium dahliae PevD1, an Alt a 1-like protein, targets cotton PR5-like protein and promotes fungal infection. J Exp Bot. 2019 Jan 7;70(2):613-626. PMID:30295911 doi:10.1093/jxb/ery351
- ↑ Liang Y, Li Z, Zhang Y, Meng F, Qiu D, Zeng H, Li G, Yang X. Nbnrp1 mediates Verticillium dahliae effector PevD1-triggered defense responses by regulating sesquiterpenoid phytoalexins biosynthesis pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana. Gene. 2021 Feb 5;768:145280. PMID:33186613 doi:10.1016/j.gene.2020.145280
- ↑ Zhang Y, Gao Y, Wang HL, Kan C, Li Z, Yang X, Yin W, Xia X, Nam HG, Li Z, Guo H. Verticillium dahliae secretory effector PevD1 induces leaf senescence by promoting ORE1-mediated ethylene biosynthesis. Mol Plant. 2021 Nov 1;14(11):1901-1917. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.07.014. Epub , 2021 Jul 21. PMID:34303024 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2021.07.014
- ↑ Liu T, Qin J, Cao Y, Subbarao KV, Chen J, Mandal MK, Xu X, Shang W, Hu X. Transcription Factor VdCf2 Regulates Growth, Pathogenicity, and the Expression of a Putative Secondary Metabolism Gene Cluster in Verticillium dahliae. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Nov 22;88(22):e0138522. PMID:36342142 doi:10.1128/aem.01385-22
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