Malate Dehydrogenase
Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH)(PDB entry 2x0i) is most known for its role in the metabolic pathway in the tricarboxylic acid cycle[1]; however, the enzyme is also in many other metabolic pathways such as glyoxylate bypass, amino acid synthesis, glucogenesis, and oxidation/reduction balance [1]. It is classified as a oxidoreductase[2]. Malate Dehydrogenase has been extensively studied due to its many isozymes [2]. The enzyme exists in two places inside a cell, in the mitochondria and cytoplasm. In the mitochondria, the enzyme catalyzes the reaction of malate to oxaloacetate; but in the cytoplasm, the enzyme catalyzes oxaloacetate to malate to allow transport [3]. This conversion is an essential catalytic step in each different metabolic mechanism. The enzyme malate dehydrogenase is composed of either a dimer or tetramer Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag.
The evolutionary past of MDH shows a divergence to form lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) which functions in a very similar way to MDH. Although there is a very low sequence conservation among MDH and LDH’s [3] the structure of the enzyme has remained relatively conserved. The key difference between the two is in the substrate: LDH catalyzes pyruvate to lactate.
| load='2x0i' size='350' frame='false' scene=
|
|
| 2x0i, resolution 2.91Å (default scene)
|
| Ligands:
|
NA, NAI, SO4
|
| Activity:
|
Malate dehydrogenase, with EC number 1.1.1.37
|
| Related:
|
2x06, 2x0j, 2x0n, 2x0r, 2x0s
|
|
|
|
|
| Resources:
|
FirstGlance, OCA, RCSB, PDBsum
|
| Coordinates:
|
save as pdb, mmCIF, xml
|
- ↑ Minarik P, Tomaskova N, Kollarova M, Antalik M. Malate dehydrogenases--structure and function. Gen Physiol Biophys. 2002 Sep;21(3):257-65. PMID:12537350
- ↑ Matsuda T, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Yoshihara T, Maenaka K, Watanabe Y, Miwa Y, Morimoto S, Kubohara Y, Hirata M, Sasaguri T. Dictyostelium Differentiation-Inducing Factor-1 Binds to Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase and Inhibits Its Activity. J Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Feb 20. PMID:20173310
- ↑ Matsuda T, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Yoshihara T, Maenaka K, Watanabe Y, Miwa Y, Morimoto S, Kubohara Y, Hirata M, Sasaguri T. Dictyostelium Differentiation-Inducing Factor-1 Binds to Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase and Inhibits Its Activity. J Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Feb 20. PMID:20173310
