Sandboxinsulin-leyka

אינסולין הוא הורמון השולט במטבוליזם של פחמימות ואחסון בגוף האדם.הגוף מסוגל לחוש את הריכוז של hormone בדם ולהגיב על ידי carbohydrate metabolism מפריש, המיוצר על ידי תאים בטא בלבלב. סינתזה של אינסולין אנושי בחיידק היא חשובה לייצור אינסולין לטיפול בסוכרת מהסוג 1. פרואינסולין (פינים) מעובד על ידי כמה פרוטאזות במערכה גולג'י כדי ליצור אינסולין שהוא קצר יותר ב -35 חומצות אמינו. One of the pharmaceutical use being studied in the University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program at UMass Amherst in the Roberts Research Group and on display at the Molecular Playground.

spinqualitylabelsall models Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), 3i40 Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D         Insulin is a hormone that controls carbohydrate metabolism and storage in the human body. The body is able to sense the concentration of glucose in the blood and respond by secreting insulin, which is produced by beta cells in the pancreas. Synthesis of human insulin in E. coli is important to producing insulin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Proinsulin (Pins) is processed by several proteases in the Golgi apparatus to form insulin which is shorter by 35 amino acids. DPI is a monomeric despentapeptide (B26-B30) Ins analogue. DTRI is a monomeric destripeptide (B28-B30) Ins analogue. DHPI is for desheptapeptide (B24-B30) Ins. LIns is a legume Ins.        Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.        Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These hydrogen bonds are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the hexameric form in the body. This scene highlights the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the <hydrophobic> sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for pharmaceutical use.

For additional details see Insulin Structure & Function.

3D structures of Insulin (Updated on 11-June-2015)

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• Insulin