View source for Deaminase

<StructureSection load='1p6o' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of yeast cytosine deaminase complex with pyrimidine-based inhibitor, acetate, Ca+2 (green) and Zn+2 (grey) ions (PDB entry [[1p6o]])' scene='55/551217/Cv/1'>
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== Function ==

'''Deaminase''' removes an amine group from an amino acid and the rest of the molecule is recycled.  <br />
* '''Cytosine deaminase''' (CDA) converts cytosine to uracil.  <br />
* '''Cytidine deaminase''' (CDDA) converts cytidine to uridine. <ref>PMID:12651944</ref> <br />
* '''5-methylcytosine deaminase''' (MCDA) produces thymine.  <br />
* '''Guanine deaminase''' (GDA) converts guanine to xanthine. <ref>PMID:22662200</ref><br />
* '''Adenine deaminase''' (ADA) converts adenine to hypoxanthine.<br />
* '''Glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase''' (GPD) converts glucosamine 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate.<br />
* '''1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase''' (ACCD) converts 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid to 2-oxobutyrate.<br />
* '''dCTP deaminase''' (ADA) converts dCTP to dUTP.<br />
* '''dCTP deaminase-dUTPase''' (DCD-DUT) converts dCTP to dUMP.<br />
* '''Blasticidin-S deaminase''' (BSD) converts blasticidin-S to deaminohydroxyblasticidin.<br />
* '''Threonine deaminase''' (THD) converts L-threonine to α-ketobutyrate.<br />
* '''L-serine deaminase''' (LSD) converts L-serine to pyruvate.<br />
* '''D-serine deaminase''' (DSD) converts D-serine to pyruvate.<br />
* '''Aminofutalosine deaminase''' deaminates aminofutalosine which is an intermediate in the menaquinone biosynthesis in ''Helicobacter pylori'' <ref>PMID:34077175</ref>. <br />

== Relevance ==

Cytosine deaminase is used in cancer therapy.  After treatment by 5-fluorouracil, the cytosine deaminase gene is introduced to the tumor resulting in intratumor chemotherapy. <ref>PMID:17938268</ref>

== Disease ==

Mutation in adenine deaminase results in deficiency of the enzyme and is the cause of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).  

== Structural highlights ==

The <scene name='55/551217/Cv/3'>active site of cytosine deaminase contains a catalytically active zinc</scene> atom.<ref>PMID:12906827</ref>

== 3D Structures of deaminase ==
[[Deaminase  3D structures]]

</StructureSection>

== References ==
<references/>
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