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[[Image:3L6V.jpg|left|300px|thumb| Crystal Structure of ''Xanthomonas campestris'' Gyrase A C-terminal Domain, [[3l6v]]]]
<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Gyrase subunit A N-terminal (cyan) and subunit B C-terminal (magenta) complex with DNA, inhibitor, sulfate and Mn+2 ion (purple) (PDB entry [[4plb]])' scene='41/410321/Cv/1'>
==Function==


<applet load='3l6v.pdb' size='350' frame='true' align='right' scene="Gyrase/Gyrase_starting_scene/1" caption= 'Crystal Structure of the Xanthomonas campestris Gyrase A C-terminal Domain, [[3l6v]]' />
'''Gyrase (Gyr)''' is a type of topoisomerase II in prokaryotes which unwinds double stranded DNA.  The DNA Gyr cutting allows the formation of a negative DNA supercoil which enables replication of DNA<ref>PMID:1657531</ref>  Gyr consists of 2 subunits: GyrA and GyrB.  '''Reverse gyrase''' (Top-RG) is a type of topoisomerase I which catalyses the formation of positive DNA supercoil. <ref>PMID:15673717</ref> See also [[Isomerases]].


'''Gyrase (Gyr)''' is a type of topoisomerase II in prokaryotes which unwinds double stranded DNA.  The DNA Gyr cutting allows the formation of a negative DNA supercoil which enables replication of DNA.  Gyr consists of 2 subunits: GyrA and GyrB.  Reverse gyrase (Top-RG) is a type of topoisomerase I which catalyses the formation of positive DNA supercoil.
==Relevance==


{{TOC limit|limit=2}}
GyrA inhibitor [[Ciprofloxacin]] is used as antibiotic drug.  Fluoroquinolones are Gyr inhibitors used in treatment of multi drug-resistant tuberculosis<ref>PMID:15047530</ref>
 
== Structural highlights ==
<scene name='41/410321/Cv/5'>Gyrase subunit A N-terminal and subunit B C-terminal complex with DNA and inhibitor</scene>. A <scene name='41/410321/Cv/6'>potential drug interacts with both DNA strands and in the hydrophobic pocket between subunits A and B</scene><ref>PMID:24900889</ref>. Water molecules shown as red spheres.


==3D Structure of Gyrase==
==3D Structure of Gyrase==
[[Gyrase 3D Structures]]


===Gyrase Subunit A===
</StructureSection>


[[3l6v]] – GyrA C-terminal – ''Xanthomonas campestris'' <br />
==Additional Resources==
[[2wl2]] – EcGyrA N-terminal+simocylinone – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
For additional information, see: [[Bacterial Infections]]
[[1ajb]] - EcGyrA N-terminal+novobiocin<br />
<br />
[[1zi0]], [[1ab4]] - EcGyrA C-terminal<br />
[[1x75]] – EcGyrA14+CcdB<br />
[[3ilw]] - MtGyrA N-terminal – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br />
[[1suu]] - GyrA C-terminal – ''Borrelia burgdorferi''<br />


===Gyrase Subunit B===
==References==
 
<References />
[[3g75]], [[3g7b]], [[3g7e]] – GyrB+thiazole inhibitor – ''Staphylococcus aureus''<br />
[[2cjt]] - MtGyrB C-terminal<br />
[[3cwv]] – GyrB truncated – ''Myxococcus xanthus''<br />
[[1kzn]], [[1ei1]] - EcGyrB N-terminal+clorobiocin<br />
[[1kij]] – GyrB domain+novobiocin – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
 
===Reverse Gyrase===


[[1gku]] – AfTop-RG – ''Archaeoglobus fulgidus''<br />
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[1gl9]] - AfTop-RG+ADPNP<br />
 
==References==
</References>
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