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{{STRUCTURE_1kgs| PDB=1kgs | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Se-Met DNA-binding response regulator D complex with thiocyanate, [[1kgs]] }}
<StructureSection load='1kgs' size='350' side='right' scene='' caption='Se-Met DNA-binding response regulator D complex with thiocyanate, [[1kgs]]'>
 
'''Response regulators''' (RR) are part of the two-component signal transduction systems which enable bacteria to sense and respond to a wide range of environments.
'''Response regulators''' (RR) are part of the two-component signal transduction systems which enable bacteria to sense and respond to a wide range of environments.
Two-component RR is a complex of histidine kinase (sensor protein SP) and RR.  The RR act as phosphorylation-activated switches.  Most RR consist of N terminal shich is the signal receiving domain and C terminal which is the DNA-binding domain.  RR CheY is a chemotaxis  response regulator in bacteria.  RR Spo0 is the sporulation response regulator.  For details see:<br />
Two-component RR is a complex of histidine kinase (sensor protein SP) and RR.  The RR act as phosphorylation-activated switches.  Most RR consist of N terminal which is the signal receiving domain and C terminal which is the DNA-binding domain (DBD).
For PleD:<br />
*[[PleD activation]]<br />
*[[PleD allosteric product inhibition]]<br />
*[[PleD catalysis]]<br />
*[[Response regulator PLED in complex with C-di-GMP]]<br />
For PhoP:<br />
*[[PhoP Regulatory Domain]]<br />
*[[PhoP-PhoQ]]<br />
For photosynthetic apparatus RR:<br />
*[[PrrA in Rhodobacter sphaeroides]] <br />
For WspR RR:<br />
*[[WspR]].


== 3D Structures of response regulator ==
*'''RR CheY''' is a chemotaxis  response regulator in bacteria see [[Chemotaxis protein]].<ref>PMID:14563873</ref>. <br />
*'''RR Spo0''' is the sporulation response regulator<ref>PMID:12829280</ref>. <br />
*'''RR PleD''' is required in loss of motility<ref>PMID:7592388</ref>. For details see [[PleD activation]], [[PleD allosteric product inhibition]], [[PleD catalysis]] and [[Response regulator PLED in complex with C-di-GMP]]<br />
*'''RR PhoP''' is important for survival under conditions of macrophage-induced stress<ref>PMID:21634789</ref>. For details see [[PhoP Regulatory Domain]] and [[PhoP-PhoQ]]<br />
*'''Photosynthetic apparatus RR''' in ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' is involved in the transduction of signals which monitor oxygen levels.  <ref>PMID:8955382</ref>. For details see [[PrrA in Rhodobacter sphaeroides]] <br />
*'''RR WspR''' couples the chemosensory Wsp pathway to the overproduction of acetylated cellulase <ref>PMID:17379708</ref>. For details see [[WspR]].<br />
*'''Redox RR''' is DNA-sequence specific.  It controls transcription as a result of its phosphorylation by a redox sensor<ref>PMID:8405457</ref>. <br />


Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
For '''iron response regulator Irr''' see [[Irr]].
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
 
*Nitrate/nitrite response regulator
 
**[[1rnl]], [[1a04]] – EcNarL – ''Escherichia coli''<br/ >
**[[1je8]], [[1zg1]], [[1zg5]] – EcNarL DNA-binding domain + DNA
 
*Sporulation response regulator
 
**[[1srr]], [[2jvi]], [[2jvj]], [[2jvk]] – BsSpo0F (mutant) – ''Bacillus subtilis''<br/ >
**[[1nat]] - BsSpo0F<br/ >
**[[3q15]] - BsSpo0F + RR aspartate phosphatase<br/ >
**[[1ixm]] - BsSpo0B<br/ >
**[[1fc3]] – GsSpo0A trans-activation domain – ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus''<br />
**[[1dz3]], [[1qmp]] - GsSpo0A reciever domain
 
*DNA-binding response regulator
 
**[[1kgs]] – TmDrrD – ''Thermotoga maritima''<br/ >
**[[3nnn]] – TmDrrD receiver domain + BeF3<BR/ >
**[[1p2f]] – TmDrrB<br/ >
**[[3nns]] - TmDrrB receiver domain + BeF3<BR/ >
**[[1nxo]], [[1nxp]], [[1nxs]], [[1nxt]], [[1nxv]], [[1nxw]], [[1nxx]] – SpMicArec receiver domain – ''Streptococcus pneumonia''<br/ >
**[[2gwr]] - MtMtrA – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br/ >
**[[2hwv]] – EfVicR C terminal – ''Enterococcus faecalis''<br/ >
**[[2qsj]] – LuxR – ''Silicibbacter pomeroyi''<br/ >
**[[3cnb]], [[3eqz]] – MerR receiver domain – ''Colwellia psychrerythraea''<br/ >
**[[2rnj]] – SaVraR DNA-binding domain – ''Staphylococcus aureus'' – NMR<br/ >
**[[2zxj]] - SaWalR DNA-binding domain<br/ >
**[[4gvp]] – SaVraR<br />
**[[4if4]] – SaVraR + Mg + BeF3<br />
**[[3q9s]] – DrRR receiver domain – ''Deinococcus radiodurans''<br/ >
**[[3q9v]] - DrRR C terminal<br />
**[[3rjp]] - RR DNA -binding domain – ''Streptococcus pyogenes''<br />
**[[2a9r]] – SpRR N terminal + phosphate + Mg
 
*Cyanobacterial phytochrome response regulator
 
**[[1i3c]] – SyRcp1 – ''Synechocystis''<br/ >
**[[1jlk]] – SyRcp1 + Mn<br/ >
**[[1k66]] – ToRcpB – ''Tolypothrix''<br/ >
**[[1k68]] – ToRcpB
 
*Phosphatase synthesis response regulator
 
**[[1mvo]] – BsPhoP receiver domain<br/ >
**[[2jb9]], [[2jba]] – EcPhoB (mutant) <br/ >
**[[2pmu]] – MtPhoP DNA-binding domain
 
*Polar differentiation response regulator
 
**[[1m5t]], [[1m5u]] – CvDivK – ''Caulobacter vibrioides''<br/ >
**[[1mav]], [[1mb0]], [[1mb3]] – CvDivK + cation
 
*Photosynthetic apparatus response regulator
 
**[[1umq]] – PrrA DNA-binding domain – ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' – NMR<br/ >
**[[1ys6]] – MtPrrA <br/ >
**[[1ys7]] – MtPrrA + Mg
 
*Redox response regulator
 
**[[1xhe]] – EcArcA receiver domain <br/ >
**[[1xhf]] – EcArcA receiver domain + BeF3<BR/ >
**[[2y79]] – MtDevs GAF domain (mutant)<br />
**[[3zxo]] - MtDevs ATP-binding domain (mutant)<br />
 
*Social motility response regulator
 
**[[2gkg]], [[2i6f]] – MxFrzS receiver domain – ''Myxococcus xanthus'' <br/ >
**[[2nt3]], [[2nt4]] - MxFrzS receiver domain (mutant)
 
*Stalked-cell differentiation response regulator
 
**[[2v0n]] – CvPleD + GMP + GTP<br/ >
**[[2wb4]], [[1w25]] - CvPleD + GMP
 
*Hypoxia response regulator
 
**[[3c3w]], [[1zlj]] – MtDosR<br/ >
**[[3c57]] – MtDosR C terminal<br />
**[[1zlk]] – MtDosR C terminal + DNA<br />
**[[3zxo]] – MtDost ATP-binding domain<br />
 
*Transcriptional response regulator
 
**[[2zwm]] – BsYycF receiver domain<br/ >
**[[3ulq]] – BsComA DNA-binding domain + RR aspartate phosphatase<br />
**[[2pkx]] – EcPhoP regulatory domain<br />
**[[3nhz]] – MtMtra N terminal<br />
 
*Stress response regulator
 
**[[3n0r]] – CVPhyR
 
*Chemotaxis response regulator
 
**[[3t8y]] - EcCheB<br />
**[[1mih]], [[1jbe]] – EcCheY<br />
**[[1p6q]] – SmCheY2 - ''Sinorhizobium meliloti''<br />
**[[1p6u]] – SmCheY2 + BeF3<br />
**[[3hzh]] – CheY-3 + CheX – ''Borrelia burgdorferi''<br />
**[[1u0s]] – TmCheY + CheA<br />
**[[2chy]] – CheY – ''Salmonella typhimurium''
 
*CheY-like response regulator
 
**[[3snk]] – RR – ''Mesorhizobium loti''<br/ >
**[[3cg4]], [[3crn]] - RR receiver domain – ''Methanospirillum hungatei''<br/ >
**[[3i42]] – RR receiver domain – ''Methylobacter flagellates''<br />
**[[3bre]] – PaRR – ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa''<br/ >
 
*Two-component response regulator
 
**[[2lpm]] – SmRR <br />
**[[2m98]] – RR – ''Sinorhizobium meliloti''<br />
**[[4q7e]] – RR receiver domain – ''Leptospira biflexa''<br />
**[[2qr3]] – RR N terminal – ''Bacteroides fragilis''<br />
**[[2qzj]] – RR – ''Clostridium difficile''<br />
**[[3cz5]] – RR – ''Aurantimonas''
 
*response regulator receiver domain protein
 
**[[4wsz]] – EfRR<br />
**[[3c3m]] – RR – ''Methanoculleus marisnigri''<br/ >
**[[3heb]] - RR – ''Rhodospirillum rubrum''<br/ >
**[[3lte]] – RR – ''Bermanella marisrubri''<br/ >
**[[3jte]], [[3lua]] – RR – ''Clostridium thermocellum''<br />
**[[4wt0]] – EfRR DNA-binding domain (mutant)<br />
**[[4wu4]], [[4wuh]], [[4wul]] – EfRR DNA-binding domain + DNA<br />
**[[4xlt]] – RR – ''Dyadobacter fermentans''<br />
 
*Unspecified response regulator
 
**[[1yio]], [[1zn2]] – StyR – ''Pseudomonas fluorescens''<br/ >
**[[3a0u]], [[3a10]] – TmTrrA + Mg + BeF3<BR/ >
**[[2qvg]] – RR – ''Legionella pneumophila''<br/ >
**[[3gl9]], [[2qxy]], [[4ja2]] - TmRR<br/ >
**[[4hye]] – SpRR<br />
**[[2zay]] – RR – ''Desulfuromonas acetoxidans''<br/ >
**[[2rdm]] – RR (mutant) – ''Sinorhizobium medicae''<br/ >
**[[3hdv]] – RR – ''Pseudomonas putida''<br/ >
**[[3i5a]] – PsWspR – ''Pseudomonas syringae''<br/ >
**[[3ilh]] – RR – ''Cytophaga hutchinsonii''<br/ >
**[[3i5b]] – PaWspR GGDEF domain<br/ >
**[[3i5c]] – PaWspR GGDEF domain/GCN4 leucine zipper<br/ >
**[[3ljx]] – McMmoQ – ''Methylococcus capsulatus''<br/ >
**[[3p3q]] – McMmoQ (mutant) <br/ >
**[[3lsg]] – RR C terminal – ''Fusobacterium nucleatum''<br/ >
**[[3nhm]] – MxRR<br/ >
**[[3m6m]] – XcRpfC REC domain + enoyl-CoA hydratase – ''Xanthomonas campestris''<br/ >
**[[3qyy]] – XcRR GGDEF domain + GMP<br/ >
**[[3p01]] – RR residues 134-315 – ''Nostoc''<br/ >
**[[3rqi]] – RR + phosphate + Ca + citrate – ''Burkholderia pseudomallei''<br/ >
**[[3kto]] – RR - ''Pseudoalteromonas atlantica''<br />
**[[3t0y]] – CvRR anti-anti-σ domain + anti-σ factor NEPR<br />
**[[2oqr]] – MtRR Regx3 <br />
**[[3sy8]] – PaRR Rocr <br />
**[[4ixa]] – RR Saer DNA-binding domain – ''Staphylococcus epidermidis''<br />
**[[4ml3]], [[4mld]] – SpRR Rec domain (mutant)<br />
**[[4cbv]] – SpRR (mutant)<br />
**[[2a9o]], [[2a9p]], [[2a9q]] – SpRR + Mn + BeF3<br />
**[[2pln]] – HP1043 – ''Helicobacter pylori''<br />
**[[3kht]] – RR – ''Hahella chejuensis''
 
*Response regulator complex with histidine kinase
 
**[[3dge]], [[3dgf]] – TmRR + sensor protein<br/ >
**[[3a0r]] – TmTrrA (mutant) + sensor protein<br />
**[[4jas]], [[4jav]] – TmRR (mutant) + histidine kinase<br />
 
 
}}


== 3D Structures of response regulator ==
[[Response regulator 3D structure]]


</StructureSection>


== References ==
<references/>


[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Latest revision as of 12:17, 9 December 2019

Se-Met DNA-binding response regulator D complex with thiocyanate, 1kgs

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