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== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4kbb]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_botulinum Clostridium botulinum] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4KBB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4KBB FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4kbb]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_botulinum Clostridium botulinum] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4KBB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4KBB FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BGC:BETA-D-GLUCOSE'>BGC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GAL:BETA-D-GALACTOSE'>GAL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NGA:N-ACETYL-D-GALACTOSAMINE'>NGA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SIA:O-SIALIC+ACID'>SIA</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BGC:BETA-D-GLUCOSE'>BGC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GAL:BETA-D-GALACTOSE'>GAL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NGA:N-ACETYL-D-GALACTOSAMINE'>NGA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SIA:O-SIALIC+ACID'>SIA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4kbb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4kbb OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4kbb PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4kbb RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4kbb PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4kbb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4kbb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4kbb OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4kbb PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4kbb RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4kbb PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4kbb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BXB_CLOBO BXB_CLOBO] Botulinum toxin acts by inhibiting neurotransmitter release. It binds to peripheral neuronal synapses, is internalized and moves by retrograde transport up the axon into the spinal cord where it can move between postsynaptic and presynaptic neurons. It inhibits neurotransmitter release by acting as a zinc endopeptidase that cleaves the '76-Gln-|-Phe-77' bond of synaptobrevin-2.
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BXB_CLOBO BXB_CLOBO] Botulinum toxin acts by inhibiting neurotransmitter release. It binds to peripheral neuronal synapses, is internalized and moves by retrograde transport up the axon into the spinal cord where it can move between postsynaptic and presynaptic neurons. It inhibits neurotransmitter release by acting as a zinc endopeptidase that cleaves the '76-Gln-|-Phe-77' bond of synaptobrevin-2.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Botulinum neurotoxins are highly toxic, and bind two receptors to achieve their high affinity and specificity for neurons. Here we present the first structure of a botulinum neurotoxin bound to both its receptors. We determine the 2.3-A structure of a ternary complex of botulinum neurotoxin type B bound to both its protein receptor synaptotagmin II and its ganglioside receptor GD1a. We show that there is no direct contact between the two receptors, and that the binding affinity towards synaptotagmin II is not influenced by the presence of GD1a. The interactions of botulinum neurotoxin type B with the sialic acid 5 moiety of GD1a are important for the ganglioside selectivity. The structure demonstrates that the protein receptor and the ganglioside receptor occupy nearby but separate binding sites, thus providing two independent anchoring points.
Structure of dual receptor binding to botulinum neurotoxin B.,Berntsson RP, Peng L, Dong M, Stenmark P Nat Commun. 2013 Jun 28;4:2058. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3058. PMID:23807078<ref>PMID:23807078</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4kbb" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Botulinum neurotoxin 3D structures|Botulinum neurotoxin 3D structures]]
*[[Botulinum neurotoxin 3D structures|Botulinum neurotoxin 3D structures]]
*[[Synaptotagmin 3D structures|Synaptotagmin 3D structures]]
*[[Synaptotagmin 3D structures|Synaptotagmin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>

Latest revision as of 12:09, 1 March 2024

Structure of Botulinum neurotoxin B binding domain in complex with both synaptotagmin II and GD1a

4kbb, resolution 2.30Å

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