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'''Unreleased structure'''


The entry 9ldn is ON HOLD  until Paper Publication
==Verticillium effector PevD1==
 
<StructureSection load='9ldn' size='340' side='right'caption='[[9ldn]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.35&Aring;' scene=''>
Authors: Yang, X., Zhang, X.L., Liu, L., Xu, C., Bai, F.
== Structural highlights ==
 
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[9ldn]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verticillium_dahliae Verticillium dahliae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=9LDN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9LDN FirstGlance]. <br>
Description: Verticillium effector PevD1
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.35&#8491;</td></tr>
[[Category: Unreleased Structures]]
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9ldn FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=9ldn OCA], [https://pdbe.org/9ldn PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=9ldn RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/9ldn PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=9ldn ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
[[Category: Xu, C]]
</table>
[[Category: Zhang, X.L]]
== Function ==
[[Category: Yang, X]]
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PEVD1_VERDV PEVD1_VERDV] Effector protein that elicits a hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) (PubMed:21691787, PubMed:24080193, PubMed:24337817). Boosts systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection in Nicotiana tabacum and to Verticillium dhaliae infection in primed cotton seedlings (PubMed:21691787, PubMed:24080193, PubMed:24337817, PubMed:29563924). PevD1 induces the expression of genes related to the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway and enhances lignin deposition and vessel reinforcement in cotton (PubMed:24337817). Increases slightly jasmonate (JA) levels in Arabidopsis and induces the expression of repressors of the abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive pathway to suppress the ABA signal transduction (PubMed:27489497). Triggers also the Ca(2+)-responsive pathways in Arabidopsis (PubMed:27489497). In cotton, PevD1 binds to the pathogenesis-related protein 5 (PR5) to inhibit its antifungal activity in order to overcome the host defense system (PubMed:30295911). In Nicotiana benthamiana, PevD1 interacts with the asparagine-rich protein NRP1 to mediate PevD1-induced defense responses by regulating sesquiterpenoid phytoalexins capsidiol biosynthesis pathway (PubMed:29563924, PubMed:33186613). In both Arabidopsis and cotton, PevD1 interacts with and stabilizes the senescence-associated transcription factor ORE1 by disrupting its interaction with the RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligase NLA. ORE1 directly binds the promoter of ACS6 and promotes its expression for mediating PevD1-induced ethylene biosynthesis and subsequent leaf senescence (PubMed:34303024). In Arabidopsis thaliana, PevD1 strongly induces the ethylene-responsive factor ERF114 to positively modulate disease resistance by targeting the promoter of PAL1 and activating PAL1 transcription, resulting in an increase in lignin and salicylic acid (SA) levels (PubMed:36342142).<ref>PMID:21691787</ref> <ref>PMID:24080193</ref> <ref>PMID:24337817</ref> <ref>PMID:27489497</ref> <ref>PMID:29563924</ref> <ref>PMID:30295911</ref> <ref>PMID:33186613</ref> <ref>PMID:34303024</ref> <ref>PMID:36342142</ref>
[[Category: Liu, L]]
== References ==
[[Category: Bai, F]]
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Verticillium dahliae]]
[[Category: Bai F]]
[[Category: Liu L]]
[[Category: Xu C]]
[[Category: Yang X]]
[[Category: Zhang XL]]
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