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| <StructureSection load='3ipd' size='340' side='right' caption='Rat Syntaxin 1a SNARE motif (green) complex with VAMP2 SNARE motif (grey) and SNAP25 SNARE motif (pink and yellow) (PDB code [[3ipd]])' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='3ipd' size='340' side='right' caption='Rat Syntaxin 1a SNARE motif (green) complex with VAMP2 SNARE motif (cyan) and SNAP25 SNARE motif (pink and yellow) (PDB code [[3ipd]])' scene='80/801795/Cv/1'> |
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| == Function == | | == Function == |
Revision as of 13:26, 2 December 2018
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Function
Syntaxin (Stx) are membrane-integrated proteins that are instrumental in exocytosis of vesicles. Stx-1 is essential for the formation of the SNARE complex involved in the fusion machinery in the brain. Stx-1 forms a 4-helical bundle complex with proteins SNAP-25 and VAMP2 which drives fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane[1]. The coiled-coil bundle structure is formed by the interactions of the complex SNARE motifs[2].
Relevance
The blockade of Stx-1 inhibits glioblastoma tumor growth and may represent a novel therapeutic tool against this fatal tumor[3].
Structural highlights
The interactions of the syntaxin 1a and VAMP2 SNARE motives consist of hydrogen bond and polar interactions[4].
- ↑ Hussain S, Ringsevjen H, Egbenya DL, Skjervold TL, Davanger S. SNARE Protein Syntaxin-1 Colocalizes Closely with NMDA Receptor Subunit NR2B in Postsynaptic Spines in the Hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci. 2016 Feb 5;9:10. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00010. eCollection, 2016. PMID:26903802 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00010
- ↑ Liang B, Kiessling V, Tamm LK. Prefusion structure of syntaxin-1A suggests pathway for folding into neuronal trans-SNARE complex fusion intermediate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 11. PMID:24218570 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1314699110
- ↑ Hussain S, Ringsevjen H, Egbenya DL, Skjervold TL, Davanger S. SNARE Protein Syntaxin-1 Colocalizes Closely with NMDA Receptor Subunit NR2B in Postsynaptic Spines in the Hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci. 2016 Feb 5;9:10. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00010. eCollection, 2016. PMID:26903802 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00010
- ↑ Stein A, Weber G, Wahl MC, Jahn R. Helical extension of the neuronal SNARE complex into the membrane. Nature. 2009 Jul 23;460(7254):525-8. Epub 2009 Jul 1. PMID:19571812 doi:10.1038/nature08156
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3D structures of syntaxin
Updated on 02-December-2018
{"openlevels":0}
- Syntaxin 1
- 2xhe – Stx1 + Unc18 – Monosiga brevicollis
- Syntaxin 1A
- 1ez3 – rStx1a N-terminal – rat
- 1br0 – rStx1a N-terminal (mutant) – NMR
- 1hvv – rStx1a SNARE motif
- 2m8r – rStx1a SNARE motif - NMR
- 1jth – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25
- 1urq – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + tomosyn
- 1n7s, 3hd7, 1sfc, 3ipd, 3rk2, 3rl0 – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + VAMP2
- 3rk3, 1kil – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + complexin-1 + VAMP2
- 5ccg, 5cch, 5cci – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + synaptotagmin + VAMP2
- 5kj7, 5kj8 – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + synaptotagmin + VAMP3
- 2n1t – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + synaptotagmin + VAMP2 - NMR
- 5w5c, 5w5d – rStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + VAMP2 + synaptotagmin + complexin-1
- 3c98, 4jeh, 4jeu – rStx1a + Unc18
- 3j96, 3j97, 3j98, 3j99, 6mdm, 6mdn – rStx17 SNARE motif + SNAP25 + rVAMP2 + vesicle fusion ATPase + SNAP–α – Cryo EM
- Syntaxin 6
- 1lvf – rStx6 N-terminal
- 4j2c – hStx6 + vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein peptide – human
- Syntaxin 7
- 1gl2 – mStx7 core fragment + VAMP8 + rStx8 core fragment + VTI1-RP2 - mouse
- Syntaxin 10
- Syntaxin 12
- 2dnx – hStx12 N-terminal - NMR
- Syntaxin 13
- 2nps – rStx13 SNARE motif + VAMP4 + hStx6 SNARE motif + VTI1-RP2
- Syntaxin 17
- 4wy4 – rStx17 SNARE motif + SNAP29 + VAMP8
- s-syntaxin
- 1s94 – LpStx Habc domain – Loligo pealei
- 1l4a – LpStx1a SNARE motif + SNAP25 + synaptobrevin + synaphin A
- Syntaxin VAM3
- 1hs7 – Stx N-terminal – yeast - NMR
References
