Response regulator

Response regulators (RR) are part of the two-component signal transduction systems which enable bacteria to sense and respond to a wide range of environments. Two-component RR is a complex of histidine kinase (sensor protein SP) and RR. The RR act as phosphorylation-activated switches. Most RR consist of N terminal which is the signal receiving domain and C terminal which is the DNA-binding domain.

• RR CheY is a chemotaxis response regulator in bacteria.
  
• RR Spo0 is the sporulation response regulator.
  
• RR PleD is required in loss of motility. For details see PleD activation, PleD allosteric product inhibition, PleD catalysis and Response regulator PLED in complex with C-di-GMP
  
• RR PhoP is important for survival under conditions of macrophage-induced stress. For details see PhoP Regulatory Domain and PhoP-PhoQ
  

For photosynthetic apparatus RR:

• PrrA in Rhodobacter sphaeroides
  

For WspR RR:

• WspR.

3D Structures of response regulator

Updated on 07-August-2016

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• Nitrate/nitrite response regulator
  • 1rnl, 1a04 – EcNarL – Escherichia coli
    
  • 1je8, 1zg1, 1zg5 – EcNarL DNA-binding domain + DNA
• Sporulation response regulator
  • 1srr, 2jvi, 2jvj, 2jvk – BsSpo0F (mutant) – Bacillus subtilis
    
  • 1nat - BsSpo0F
    
  • 3q15 - BsSpo0F + RR aspartate phosphatase
    
  • 1ixm - BsSpo0B
    
  • 1fc3 – GsSpo0A trans-activation domain – Geobacillus stearothermophilus
    
  • 1dz3, 1qmp - GsSpo0A reciever domain
• DNA-binding response regulator
  • 1kgs – TmDrrD – Thermotoga maritima
    
  • 3nnn – TmDrrD receiver domain + BeF3
    
  • 1p2f – TmDrrB
    
  • 3nns - TmDrrB receiver domain + BeF3
    
  • 1nxo, 1nxp, 1nxs, 1nxt, 1nxv, 1nxw, 1nxx – SpMicArec receiver domain – Streptococcus pneumonia
    
  • 2gwr - MtMtrA – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    
  • 2hwv – EfVicR C terminal – Enterococcus faecalis
    
  • 2qsj – LuxR – Silicibbacter pomeroyi
    
  • 3cnb, 3eqz – MerR receiver domain – Colwellia psychrerythraea
    
  • 2rnj – SaVraR DNA-binding domain – Staphylococcus aureus – NMR
    
  • 2zxj - SaWalR DNA-binding domain
    
  • 4gvp – SaVraR
    
  • 4if4 – SaVraR + Mg + BeF3
    
  • 3q9s – DrRR receiver domain – Deinococcus radiodurans
    
  • 3q9v - DrRR C terminal
    
  • 3rjp - RR DNA -binding domain – Streptococcus pyogenes
    
  • 2a9r – SpRR N terminal + phosphate + Mg
• Cyanobacterial phytochrome response regulator
  • 1i3c – SyRcp1 – Synechocystis
    
  • 1jlk – SyRcp1 + Mn
    
  • 1k66 – ToRcpB – Tolypothrix
    
  • 1k68 – ToRcpB
• Phosphatase synthesis response regulator
  • 1mvo – BsPhoP receiver domain
    
  • 2jb9, 2jba – EcPhoB (mutant)
    
  • 2pmu – MtPhoP DNA-binding domain
• Polar differentiation response regulator
  • 1m5t, 1m5u – CvDivK – Caulobacter vibrioides
    
  • 1mav, 1mb0, 1mb3 – CvDivK + cation
• Photosynthetic apparatus response regulator
  • 1umq – PrrA DNA-binding domain – Rhodobacter sphaeroides – NMR
    
  • 1ys6 – MtPrrA
    
  • 1ys7 – MtPrrA + Mg
• Redox response regulator
  • 1xhe – EcArcA receiver domain
    
  • 1xhf – EcArcA receiver domain + BeF3
    
  • 2y79 – MtDevs GAF domain (mutant)
    
  • 3zxo - MtDevs ATP-binding domain (mutant)
    
• Social motility response regulator
  • 2gkg, 2i6f – MxFrzS receiver domain – Myxococcus xanthus
    
  • 2nt3, 2nt4 - MxFrzS receiver domain (mutant)
• Stalked-cell differentiation response regulator
  • 2v0n – CvPleD + GMP + GTP
    
  • 2wb4, 1w25 - CvPleD + GMP
• Hypoxia response regulator
  • 3c3w, 1zlj – MtDosR
    
  • 3c57 – MtDosR C terminal
    
  • 1zlk – MtDosR C terminal + DNA
    
  • 3zxo – MtDost ATP-binding domain
    
• Transcriptional response regulator
  • 2zwm – BsYycF receiver domain
    
  • 3ulq – BsComA DNA-binding domain + RR aspartate phosphatase
    
  • 2pkx – EcPhoP regulatory domain
    
  • 3nhz – MtMtra N terminal
    
• Stress response regulator
  • 3n0r – CVPhyR
• Chemotaxis response regulator
  • 3t8y - EcCheB
    
  • 1mih, 1jbe – EcCheY
    
  • 1p6q – SmCheY2 - Sinorhizobium meliloti
    
  • 1p6u – SmCheY2 + BeF3
    
  • 3hzh – CheY-3 + CheX – Borrelia burgdorferi
    
  • 1u0s – TmCheY + CheA
    
  • 2chy – CheY – Salmonella typhimurium
• CheY-like response regulator
  • 3snk – RR – Mesorhizobium loti
    
  • 3cg4, 3crn - RR receiver domain – Methanospirillum hungatei
    
  • 3i42 – RR receiver domain – Methylobacter flagellates
    
  • 3bre – PaRR – Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    
• Two-component response regulator
  • 2lpm – SmRR
    
  • 2m98 – RR – Sinorhizobium meliloti
    
  • 4q7e – RR receiver domain – Leptospira biflexa
    
  • 2qr3 – RR N terminal – Bacteroides fragilis
    
  • 2qzj – RR – Clostridium difficile
    
  • 3cz5 – RR – Aurantimonas
• response regulator receiver domain protein
  • 4wsz – EfRR
    
  • 3c3m – RR – Methanoculleus marisnigri
    
  • 3heb - RR – Rhodospirillum rubrum
    
  • 3lte – RR – Bermanella marisrubri
    
  • 3jte, 3lua – RR – Clostridium thermocellum
    
  • 4wt0 – EfRR DNA-binding domain (mutant)
    
  • 4wu4, 4wuh, 4wul – EfRR DNA-binding domain + DNA
    
  • 4xlt – RR – Dyadobacter fermentans
    
• Unspecified response regulator
  • 1yio, 1zn2 – StyR – Pseudomonas fluorescens
    
  • 3a0u, 3a10 – TmTrrA + Mg + BeF3
    
  • 2qvg – RR – Legionella pneumophila
    
  • 3gl9, 2qxy, 4ja2 - TmRR
    
  • 4hye – SpRR
    
  • 2zay – RR – Desulfuromonas acetoxidans
    
  • 2rdm – RR (mutant) – Sinorhizobium medicae
    
  • 3hdv – RR – Pseudomonas putida
    
  • 3i5a – PsWspR – Pseudomonas syringae
    
  • 3ilh – RR – Cytophaga hutchinsonii
    
  • 3i5b – PaWspR GGDEF domain
    
  • 3i5c – PaWspR GGDEF domain/GCN4 leucine zipper
    
  • 3ljx – McMmoQ – Methylococcus capsulatus
    
  • 3p3q – McMmoQ (mutant)
    
  • 3lsg – RR C terminal – Fusobacterium nucleatum
    
  • 3nhm – MxRR
    
  • 3m6m – XcRpfC REC domain + enoyl-CoA hydratase – Xanthomonas campestris
    
  • 3qyy – XcRR GGDEF domain + GMP
    
  • 3p01 – RR residues 134-315 – Nostoc
    
  • 3rqi – RR + phosphate + Ca + citrate – Burkholderia pseudomallei
    
  • 3kto – RR - Pseudoalteromonas atlantica
    
  • 3t0y – CvRR anti-anti-σ domain + anti-σ factor NEPR
    
  • 2oqr – MtRR Regx3
    
  • 3sy8 – PaRR Rocr
    
  • 4ixa – RR Saer DNA-binding domain – Staphylococcus epidermidis
    
  • 4ml3, 4mld – SpRR Rec domain (mutant)
    
  • 4cbv – SpRR (mutant)
    
  • 2a9o, 2a9p, 2a9q – SpRR + Mn + BeF3
    
  • 2pln – HP1043 – Helicobacter pylori
    
  • 3kht – RR – Hahella chejuensis
• Response regulator complex with histidine kinase
  • 3dge, 3dgf – TmRR + sensor protein
    
  • 3a0r – TmTrrA (mutant) + sensor protein
    
  • 4jas, 4jav – TmRR (mutant) + histidine kinase
    

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