Structural highlights
Function[TRPA_SALTY] The alpha subunit is responsible for the aldol cleavage of indoleglycerol phosphate to indole and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. [TRPB_SALTY] The beta subunit is responsible for the synthesis of L-tryptophan from indole and L-serine. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedTryptophan synthase is a bifunctional alpha(2)beta(2) complex catalyzing the last two steps of l-tryptophan biosynthesis. The natural substrates of the alpha-subunit indole- 3-glycerolphosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, and the substrate analogs indole-3-propanolphosphate and dl-alpha-glycerol-3-phosphate are allosteric effectors of the beta-subunit activity. It has been shown recently, that the indole-3-acetyl amino acids indole-3-acetylglycine and indole-3-acetyl-l-aspartic acid are both alpha-subunit inhibitors and beta-subunit allosteric effectors, whereas indole-3-acetyl-l-valine is only an alpha-subunit inhibitor (Marabotti, A., Cozzini, P., and Mozzarelli, A. (2000) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1476, 287-299). The crystal structures of tryptophan synthase complexed with indole-3-acetylglycine and indole-3-acetyl-l-aspartic acid show that both ligands bind to the active site such that the carboxylate moiety is positioned similarly as the phosphate group of the natural substrates. As a consequence, the residues of the alpha-active site that interact with the ligands are the same as observed in the indole 3-glycerolphosphate-enzyme complex. Ligand binding leads to closure of loop alphaL6 of the alpha-subunit, a key structural element of intersubunit communication. This is in keeping with the allosteric role played by these compounds. The structure of the enzyme complex with indole-3-acetyl-l-valine is quite different. Due to the hydrophobic lateral chain, this molecule adopts a new orientation in the alpha-active site. In this case, closure of loop alphaL6 is no longer observed, in agreement with its functioning only as an inhibitor of the alpha-subunit reaction. Crystal structures of a new class of allosteric effectors complexed to tryptophan synthase.,Weyand M, Schlichting I, Marabotti A, Mozzarelli A J Biol Chem. 2002 Mar 22;277(12):10647-52. Epub 2001 Dec 26. PMID:11756456[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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