4xct | pdb_00004xct
Crystal structure of a hydroxamate based inhibitor ARP101 (EN73) in complex with the MMP-9 catalytic domain.
Structural highlights
DiseaseMMP9_HUMAN Defects in MMP9 may be a cause of susceptibility to intervertebral disc disease (IDD) [MIM:603932; also known as lumbar disk herniation (LDH). IDD is one of the most common musculo-skeletal disorders and the predominant cause of low-back pain and unilateral leg pain.[1] Defects in MMP9 are the cause of metaphyseal anadysplasia type 2 (MANDP2) [MIM:613073. Metaphyseal anadysplasia consists of an abnormal bone development characterized by severe skeletal changes that, in contrast with the progressive course of most other skeletal dysplasias, resolve spontaneously with age. Clinical characteristics are evident from the first months of life and include slight shortness of stature and a mild varus deformity of the legs. Patients attain a normal stature in adolescence and show improvement or complete resolution of varus deformity of the legs and rhizomelic micromelia. FunctionMMP9_HUMAN May play an essential role in local proteolysis of the extracellular matrix and in leukocyte migration. Could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption. Cleaves KiSS1 at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Cleaves type IV and type V collagen into large C-terminal three quarter fragments and shorter N-terminal one quarter fragments. Degrades fibronectin but not laminin or Pz-peptide.[2] Publication Abstract from PubMedMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been shown to be involved in tumor-induced angiogenesis. In particular, MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14 have been reported to be crucial for tumor angiogenesis and the formation of metastasis, thus becoming attractive targets in cancer therapy. Here, we report our optimization effort to identify novel N-isopropoxy-arylsulfonamide hydroxamates with improved inhibitory activity toward MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14 with respect to the previously discovered compound 1. A new series of hydroxamates was designed, synthesized and tested for their anti-angiogenic activity using in vitro assays with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). A nanomolar MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14 inhibitor was identified, compound 3, able to potently inhibit angiogenesis in vitro and also in vivo in the matrigel sponge assay in mice. Finally, X-ray crystallographic and docking studies were conducted for compound 3 in order to investigate its binding mode to MMP-9 and MMP-14. N-O-Isopropyl Sulfonamido-Based Hydroxamates as Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors: Hit Selection and in vivo Antiangiogenic Activity.,Nuti E, Cantelmo AR, Gallo C, Bruno A, Bassani B, Camodeca C, Tuccinardi T, Vera L, Orlandini E, Nencetti S, Stura EA, Martinelli A, Dive V, Albini A, Rossello A J Med Chem. 2015 Aug 11. PMID:26263024[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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