3hzd | pdb_00003hzd

Crystal structure of bothropstoxin-I (BthTX-I), a PLA2 homologue from Bothrops jararacussu venom

spinqualitylabelsall models 3hzd, resolution 1.91Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 3hzd is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Bothrops jararacussu. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Method: X-ray diffraction, Resolution 1.91Å Ligands: LI Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Function PA2H1_BOTJR Snake venom phospholipase A2 homolog that lacks enzymatic activity. Shows local myotoxic activity (PubMed:11018293, PubMed:12079495, PubMed:31906173). Induces inflammation, since it induces edema and leukocytes infiltration (PubMed:11018293, PubMed:31906173). In addition, it induces NLRP3 NLRP3, ASC (PYCARD), caspase-1 (CASP1), and IL-1beta (IL1B) gene expression in the gastrocnemius muscle, showing that it is able to activate NLRP3 inflammasome (PubMed:31906173). It also damages artificial and myoblast membranes by a calcium-independent mechanism, has bactericidal activity, and induces neuromuscular blockade (PubMed:27531710). A model of myotoxic mechanism has been proposed: an apo Lys49-PLA2 is activated by the entrance of a hydrophobic molecule (e.g. fatty acid) at the hydrophobic channel of the protein leading to a reorientation of a monomer (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). This reorientation causes a transition between 'inactive' to 'active' states, causing alignment of C-terminal and membrane-docking sites (MDoS) side-by-side and putting the membrane-disruption sites (MDiS) in the same plane, exposed to solvent and in a symmetric position for both monomers (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). The MDoS region stabilizes the toxin on membrane by the interaction of charged residues with phospholipid head groups (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). Subsequently, the MDiS region destabilizes the membrane with penetration of hydrophobic residues (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). This insertion causes a disorganization of the membrane, allowing an uncontrolled influx of ions (i.e. calcium and sodium), and eventually triggering irreversible intracellular alterations and cell death (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity).[UniProtKB:I6L8L6] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. See Also Phospholipase A2 3D structures Phospholipase A2 homolog

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