1ng4

Structural highlights

Function

GLYOX_BACSU Catalyzes the FAD-dependent oxidative deamination of various amines and D-amino acids to yield the corresponding alpha-keto acids, ammonia/amine, and hydrogen peroxide. Oxidizes sarcosine (N-methylglycine), N-ethylglycine and glycine (PubMed:9827558, PubMed:11744710, PubMed:19864430). Can also oxidize the herbicide glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) (PubMed:19864430). Displays lower activities on D-alanine, D-valine, D-proline and D-methionine (PubMed:9827558, PubMed:11744710). Does not act on L-amino acids and other D-amino acids (PubMed:9827558). Is essential for thiamine biosynthesis since the oxidation of glycine catalyzed by ThiO generates the glycine imine intermediate (dehydroglycine) required for the biosynthesis of the thiazole ring of thiamine pyrophosphate (PubMed:12627963).^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Job V, Marcone GL, Pilone MS, Pollegioni L. Glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis. Characterization of a new flavoprotein. J Biol Chem. 2002 Mar 1;277(9):6985-93. PMID:11744710 doi:10.1074/jbc.M111095200
2. ↑ Settembre EC, Dorrestein PC, Park JH, Augustine AM, Begley TP, Ealick SE. Structural and mechanistic studies on ThiO, a glycine oxidase essential for thiamin biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis. Biochemistry. 2003 Mar 18;42(10):2971-81. PMID:12627963 doi:10.1021/bi026916v
3. ↑ Pedotti M, Rosini E, Molla G, Moschetti T, Savino C, Vallone B, Pollegioni L. Glyphosate resistance by engineering the flavoenzyme glycine oxidase. J Biol Chem. 2009 Dec 25;284(52):36415-23. Epub 2009 Oct 28. PMID:19864430 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.051631
4. ↑ Nishiya Y, Imanaka T. Purification and characterization of a novel glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis. FEBS Lett. 1998 Nov 6;438(3):263-6. PMID:9827558