2q2b

From Proteopedia

Crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of mouse acyl-CoA thioesterase 7

PDB ID 2q2b

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Structural highlights

2q2b is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Mus musculus. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:	X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.5Å
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

BACH_MOUSE Acyl-CoA thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. May play an important physiological function in brain. May play a regulatory role by modulating the cellular levels of fatty acyl-CoA ligands for certain transcription factors as well as the substrates for fatty acid metabolizing enzymes, contributing to lipid homeostasis. Has broad specificity, active towards fatty acyl-CoAs with chain-lengths of C8-C18. Has a maximal activity toward palmitoyl-CoA.^[1]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Acyl-CoA thioesterases (Acots) catalyze the hydrolysis of fatty acyl-CoA to free fatty acid and CoA and thereby regulate lipid metabolism and cellular signaling. We present a comprehensive structural and functional characterization of mouse acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 (Acot7). Whereas prokaryotic homologues possess a single thioesterase domain, mammalian Acot7 contains a pair of domains in tandem. We determined the crystal structures of both the N- and C-terminal domains of the mouse enzyme, and inferred the structure of the full-length enzyme using a combination of chemical cross-linking, mass spectrometry, and molecular modeling. The quaternary arrangement in Acot7 features a trimer of hotdog fold dimers. Both domains of Acot7 are required for activity, but only one of two possible active sites in the dimer is functional. Asn-24 and Asp-213 (from N- and C-domains, respectively) were identified as the catalytic residues through site-directed mutagenesis. An enzyme with higher activity than wild-type Acot7 was obtained by mutating the residues in the nonfunctional active site. Recombinant Acot7 was shown to have the highest activity toward arachidonoyl-CoA, suggesting a function in eicosanoid metabolism. In line with the proposal, Acot7 was shown to be highly expressed in macrophages and up-regulated by lipopolysaccharide. Overexpression of Acot7 in a macrophage cell line modified the production of prostaglandins D2 and E2. Together, the results link the molecular and cellular functions of Acot7 and identify the enzyme as a candidate drug target in inflammatory disease.

Structural basis for recruitment of tandem hotdog domains in acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 and its role in inflammation.,Forwood JK, Thakur AS, Guncar G, Marfori M, Mouradov D, Meng W, Robinson J, Huber T, Kellie S, Martin JL, Hume DA, Kobe B Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 19;104(25):10382-7. Epub 2007 Jun 11. PMID:17563367^[2]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Kuramochi Y, Takagi-Sakuma M, Kitahara M, Emori R, Asaba Y, Sakaguchi R, Watanabe T, Kuroda J, Hiratsuka K, Nagae Y, Suga T, Yamada J. Characterization of mouse homolog of brain acyl-CoA hydrolase: molecular cloning and neuronal localization. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2002 Jan 31;98(1-2):81-92. PMID:11834298
↑ Forwood JK, Thakur AS, Guncar G, Marfori M, Mouradov D, Meng W, Robinson J, Huber T, Kellie S, Martin JL, Hume DA, Kobe B. Structural basis for recruitment of tandem hotdog domains in acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 and its role in inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 19;104(25):10382-7. Epub 2007 Jun 11. PMID:17563367