5i04
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of the orphan region of human endoglin/CD105
Structural highlights
DiseaseEGLN_HUMAN Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension;Familial cerebral saccular aneurysm;Generalized juvenile polyposis/juvenile polyposis coli;Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. FunctionMALE_ECOLI Involved in the high-affinity maltose membrane transport system MalEFGK. Initial receptor for the active transport of and chemotaxis toward maltooligosaccharides.EGLN_HUMAN Vascular endothelium glycoprotein that plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis (PubMed:21737454, PubMed:23300529). Required for normal structure and integrity of adult vasculature (PubMed:7894484). Regulates the migration of vascular endothelial cells (PubMed:17540773). Required for normal extraembryonic angiogenesis and for embryonic heart development (By similarity). May regulate endothelial cell shape changes in response to blood flow, which drive vascular remodeling and establishment of normal vascular morphology during angiogenesis (By similarity). May play a critical role in the binding of endothelial cells to integrins and/or other RGD receptors (PubMed:1692830). Acts as a TGF-beta coreceptor and is involved in the TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the activation of SMAD transcription factors (PubMed:21737454, PubMed:22347366, PubMed:23300529, PubMed:8370410). Required for GDF2/BMP9 signaling through SMAD1 in endothelial cells and modulates TGFB1 signaling through SMAD3 (PubMed:21737454, PubMed:22347366, PubMed:23300529).[UniProtKB:Q63961][1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Publication Abstract from PubMedEndoglin (ENG)/CD105 is an essential endothelial cell co-receptor of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, mutated in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1) and involved in tumor angiogenesis and preeclampsia. Here, we present crystal structures of the ectodomain of human ENG and its complex with the ligand bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9). BMP9 interacts with a hydrophobic surface of the N-terminal orphan domain of ENG, which adopts a new duplicated fold generated by circular permutation. The interface involves residues mutated in HHT1 and overlaps with the epitope of tumor-suppressing anti-ENG monoclonal TRC105. The structure of the C-terminal zona pellucida module suggests how two copies of ENG embrace homodimeric BMP9, whose binding is compatible with ligand recognition by type I but not type II receptors. These findings shed light on the molecular basis of the BMP signaling cascade, with implications for future therapeutic interventions in this fundamental pathway. Structural Basis of the Human Endoglin-BMP9 Interaction: Insights into BMP Signaling and HHT1.,Saito T, Bokhove M, Croci R, Zamora-Caballero S, Han L, Letarte M, de Sanctis D, Jovine L Cell Rep. 2017 May 30;19(9):1917-1928. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.011. PMID:28564608[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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