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CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CD81 LARGE EXTRACELLULAR LOOP IN COMPLEX WITH MURINE FAB FRAGMENT K04
Structural highlights
DiseaseCD81_HUMAN Defects in CD81 are the cause of immunodeficiency common variable type 6 (CVID6) [MIM:613496; also called antibody deficiency due to CD81 defect. CVID6 is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. The defect results from a failure of B-cell differentiation and impaired secretion of immunoglobulins; the numbers of circulating B-cells is usually in the normal range, but can be low.[1] FunctionCD81_HUMAN May play an important role in the regulation of lymphoma cell growth. Interacts with a 16-kDa Leu-13 protein to form a complex possibly involved in signal transduction. May act as the viral receptor for HCV. Publication Abstract from PubMedAntibody humanization describes the procedure of grafting a non-human antibody's complementarity-determining regions, i.e., the variable loop regions that mediate specific interactions with the antigen, onto a beta-sheet framework that is representative of the human variable region germline repertoire, thus reducing the number of potentially antigenic epitopes that might trigger an anti-antibody response. The selection criterion for the so-called acceptor frameworks (one for the heavy and one for the light chain variable region) is traditionally based on sequence similarity. Here, we propose a novel approach that selects acceptor frameworks such that the relative orientation of the two variable domains in 3D space, and thereby the geometry of the antigen-binding site, is conserved throughout the process of humanization. The methodology relies on a machine learning-based predictor of antibody variable domain orientation that has recently been shown to improve the quality of antibody homology models. Using data from three humanization campaigns, we demonstrate that preselecting humanization variants based on the predicted difference in variable domain orientation with regard to the original antibody leads to subsets of variants with a significant improvement in binding affinity. VH-VL orientation prediction for antibody humanization candidate selection: A case study.,Bujotzek A, Lipsmeier F, Harris SF, Benz J, Kuglstatter A, Georges G MAbs. 2015 Dec 4:0. PMID:26637054[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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