5j32
Isopropylmalate dehydrogenase in complex with isopropylmalate
Structural highlights
FunctionLEU32_ARATH Catalyzes the oxidation of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (3-isopropylmalate) to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. The product decarboxylates to 4-methyl-2 oxopentanoate. Publication Abstract from PubMedIsopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH) and 3-(2'-methylthio)ethylmalate dehydrogenase catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of different beta-hydroxyacids in the leucine and methionine-derived glucosinolate biosynthesis pathways, respectively, in plants. Evolution of the glucosinolate biosynthetic enzyme from IPMDH results from a single amino acid substitution that alters substrate specificity. Here we present the x-ray crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana IPMDH2 (AtIPMDH2) in complex with either isopropylmalate and Mg2+ or NAD+. These structures reveal conformational changes that occur upon ligand binding and provide insight on the active site of the enzyme. The x-ray structures and kinetic analysis of site-directed mutants are consistent with a chemical mechanism in which Lys232 activates a water molecule for catalysis. Structural analysis of the AtIPMDH2 K232M mutant and isothermal titration calorimetry supports a key role of Lys232 in the reaction mechanism. This study suggests that IPMDH-like enzymes in both leucine and glucosinolate biosynthesis pathways use a common mechanism and that members of the beta-hydroxyacid reductive decarboxylase family employ different active site features for similar reactions. Structure and Mechanism of Isopropylmalate Dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis thaliana: Insights on Leucine and Aliphatic Glucosinolate Biosynthesis.,Lee SG, Nwumeh R, Jez JM J Biol Chem. 2016 May 2. pii: jbc.M116.730358. PMID:27137927[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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