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Structure of F-ATPase from Pichia angusta, in state2
Structural highlights
FunctionATPA_PICAN Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain (PubMed:25759169). F-type ATP synthases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk (PubMed:27791192). During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation (By similarity). Subunits alpha/ATP1 and beta/ATP2 form the catalytic core in F(1) (By similarity). Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha/ATP1(3)beta/ATP2(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta/ATP2 subunits (By similarity). Subunit alpha/ATP1 does not bear the catalytic high-affinity ATP-binding sites (By similarity).[UniProtKB:Q6C326][1] [2] W1Q6W1_OGAPD Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane.[RuleBase:RU003551] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe structure of the intact monomeric ATP synthase from the fungus, Pichia angusta, has been solved by electron cryo-microscopy. The structure provides insights into the mechanical coupling of the transmembrane proton motive force across mitochondrial membranes in the synthesis of ATP. This mechanism requires a strong and integral stator, consisting of the catalytic alpha3beta3-domain, peripheral stalk, and, in the membrane domain, subunit a and associated supernumerary subunits, kept in contact with the rotor turning at speeds up to 350 Hz. The stator's integrity is ensured by robust attachment of both the oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein (OSCP) to the catalytic domain and the membrane domain of subunit b to subunit a. The ATP8 subunit provides an additional brace between the peripheral stalk and subunit a. At the junction between the OSCP and the apparently stiff, elongated alpha-helical b-subunit and associated d- and h-subunits, an elbow or joint allows the stator to bend to accommodate lateral movements during the activity of the catalytic domain. The stator may also apply lateral force to help keep the static a-subunit and rotating c10-ring together. The interface between the c10-ring and the a-subunit contains the transmembrane pathway for protons, and their passage across the membrane generates the turning of the rotor. The pathway has two half-channels containing conserved polar residues provided by a bundle of four alpha-helices inclined at approximately 30 degrees to the plane of the membrane, similar to those described in other species. The structure provides more insights into the workings of this amazing machine. Structure of the mitochondrial ATP synthase from Pichia angusta determined by electron cryo-microscopy.,Vinothkumar KR, Montgomery MG, Liu S, Walker JE Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Oct 24. pii: 201615902. PMID:27791192[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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