7len

Crystal structure of the epidermal growth factor receptor extracellular region with R84K mutation in complex with epiregulin crystallized with trehalose

spinqualitylabelsall models 7len, resolution 2.90Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 7len is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Method: X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.9Å Ligands: BMA, MAN, NAG Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease EGFR_HUMAN Defects in EGFR are associated with lung cancer (LNCR) [MIM:211980. LNCR is a common malignancy affecting tissues of the lung. The most common form of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that can be divided into 3 major histologic subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell lung cancer. NSCLC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. Function EGFR_HUMAN Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses. Known ligands include EGF, TGFA/TGF-alpha, amphiregulin, epigen/EPGN, BTC/betacellulin, epiregulin/EREG and HBEGF/heparin-binding EGF. Ligand binding triggers receptor homo- and/or heterodimerization and autophosphorylation on key cytoplasmic residues. The phosphorylated receptor recruits adapter proteins like GRB2 which in turn activates complex downstream signaling cascades. Activates at least 4 major downstream signaling cascades including the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, PI3 kinase-AKT, PLCgamma-PKC and STATs modules. May also activate the NF-kappa-B signaling cascade. Also directly phosphorylates other proteins like RGS16, activating its GTPase activity and probably coupling the EGF receptor signaling to the G protein-coupled receptor signaling. Also phosphorylates MUC1 and increases its interaction with SRC and CTNNB1/beta-catenin. Isoform 2 may act as an antagonist of EGF action. Publication Abstract from PubMed The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently mutated in human cancer(1,2), and is an important therapeutic target. EGFR inhibitors have been successful in lung cancer, where mutations in the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain activate the receptor(1), but not in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)(3), where mutations occur exclusively in the extracellular region. Here we show that common extracellular GBM mutations prevent EGFR from discriminating between its activating ligands(4). Different growth factor ligands stabilize distinct EGFR dimer structures(5) that signal with different kinetics to specify or bias outcome(5,6). EGF itself induces strong symmetric dimers that signal transiently to promote proliferation. Epiregulin (EREG) induces much weaker asymmetric dimers that drive sustained signalling and differentiation(5). GBM mutations reduce the ability of EGFR to distinguish EREG from EGF in cellular assays, and allow EGFR to form strong (EGF-like) dimers in response to EREG and other low-affinity ligands. Using X-ray crystallography, we further show that the R84K GBM mutation symmetrizes EREG-driven extracellular dimers so that they resemble dimers normally seen with EGF. By contrast, a second GBM mutation, A265V, remodels key dimerization contacts to strengthen asymmetric EREG-driven dimers. Our results argue for an important role of altered ligand discrimination by EGFR in GBM, with potential implications for therapeutic targeting. Glioblastoma mutations alter EGFR dimer structure to prevent ligand bias.,Hu C, Leche CA 2nd, Kiyatkin A, Yu Z, Stayrook SE, Ferguson KM, Lemmon MA Nature. 2022 Feb;602(7897):518-522. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04393-3. Epub 2022 , Feb 9. PMID:35140400 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also Epidermal growth factor receptor 3D structures

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